先天性髋臼发育不良病人围术期假体脱位预防护理管理方案的构建及应用

Construction and application of nursing management scheme of perioperative prosthesis dislocation for patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip

目的:构建先天性髋臼发育不良病人围术期假体脱位预防护理管理方案,并评价其应用效果。方法:在循证方法指导下形成先天性髋臼发育不良病人假体脱位预防的护理管理方案。选取2019年1月—2019年12月山东省某三级甲等医院先天性髋臼发育不良行人工全髋关节置换术的病人为对照组,采用常规护理方案;选取2020年1月—2020年12月的先天性髋臼发育不良行全髋关节置换术的病人为试验组,采用围术期假体脱位预防护理管理方案。比较两组病人假体脱位发生率及术后住院时间。结果:试验组假体脱位发生率为0.7%,低于对照组的5.4%(P<0.05),住院时间为(5.86±2.24)d,短于对照组的(8.05±3.86)d(P<0.05)。结论:基于循证的先天性髋臼发育不良病人围术期假体脱位预防护理管理方案有助于降低病人假体脱位发生率,缩短住院时间。

Objective:To construct the nursing management scheme of perioperative prosthesis dislocation for patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip and evaluate its effects.Methods:Under the guidance of evidence-based methodology,the nursing management protocol of perioperative prosthesis dislocation for patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip was formed.The patients who were admitted to third grade A hospital in Shandong Province from January,2019 to December,2019 were selected as the control group and followed the routine nursing protocol.The patients who were admitted to the hospital from January,2020 to December,2020 were selected as the experimental group.The perioperative dislocation nursing management protocol was used.The differences of dislocation incidence and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups were compared.Results:The incidence of prosthesis dislocation in the experimental group was 0.7%,which was lower than that in the control group(5.4%,P<0.05),and the length of hospitalization was(5.86±2.24)days,which was shorter than that in control group(8.05±3.86)days(P<0.05).Conclusions:The nursing management protocol of perioperative prosthesis dislocation for patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip is helpful to reduce the incidence of dislocation and shorten the length of hospitalization.