启蒙,应该永远在路上——关于“第二次启蒙”的思考

Enlightenment always on the Way:Reflections on the"Second Enlightenment"

王治河和樊美筠的重要著作《第二次启蒙》勾勒的未来蓝图,可以说是一个生态文明建设的实施纲要。第一次启蒙对理性的高扬,在科学和工业的推动下导致人类中心主义倾向,以致把自然界视为征服对象,造成严重的生态问题;第二次启蒙是对第一次启蒙的启蒙,强调整合思维在理性中应有的本体地位,其思想基础是从怀特海过程哲学出发的建设性后现代主义。应当深入理解马克思关于人与自然界关系的思想,在重视中国传统文化的现实意义的同时在科学的基础上推进东西方文化的整合。思维离不开抽象,必须警惕抽象思维对整体的屏蔽,美和艺术有助于抵抗抽象的魔障。由于人们对世界整体性的认识和探究是一个无穷尽的过程,对绝对真理的把握也只是一个逐渐接近的过程,这就决定了启蒙永远在路上。

The blueprint for future drawn in The Second Enlightenment, an important work written by Wang Zhihe and Fan Meijun, can be regarded as an outline for the implementation of ecological civilization construction. The first Enlightenment that put too much emphasis on rationality led to anthropocentrism driven by science and industry to such an extent that nature was viewed as the object to be conquered, causing serious ecological crises. The second Enlightenment is an enlightenment of the first one, emphasizing the ontological status that integrated thinking should maintain in reason, and its ideology is based on Whitehead’s constructive postmodernism. We should deeply understand Marx’s thoughts on the relationship between man and nature, and promote the integration of Eastern and Western cultures on the basis of science while attaching importance to the practical significance of traditional Chinese culture. Thinking is inseparable from abstraction, but we must be alert to the blocking of the whole by abstract thinking. Beauty and art help to resist the magic of abstraction. It is an endless journey for mankind to know and explore the wholeness of the world, and it is also a gradually approaching process for mankind to grasp the absolute truth, so Enlightenment is always on the way.