未婚女性流产原因分析

Analysis of Causes of Abortion in Unmarried Women

目的了解未婚流产女性的群体特征,对其流产的相关因素进行分析。方法选取2020年01月—2020年12月在苏州大学附属第一医院自愿接受流产的未婚女性共753例,对其临床资料进行回顾性分析,了解其社会人口学特征:年龄、职业、学历,了解其流产及避孕特征:流产次数、流产高危因素、距离上次流产间隔时间、避孕方式。定义流产≥2次为重复流产,距离上次流产间隔时间1年内为近期流产,按照间隔时间不同将近期流产分为3个月内流产、半年内流产及1年内流产,探究其社会人口学特征、避孕方式对重复流产及近期流产的影响。结果753例未婚流产女性,年龄≤19岁占7.3%,职员占71.3%,大学学历者占64.8%,低效避孕者占87.4%,重复流产占13.4%,近期流产占14.4%,其中3个月内流产占2.1%、半年内流产占5.0%、1年内流产占7.3%。单因素分析显示年龄、职业、学历对重复流产有影响(P<0.05),避孕方式对重复流产无明显影响(P>0.05),而年龄、学历对近期流产有影响(P<0.05),职业和避孕方式对近期流产无明显影响(P>0.05)。多因素分析显示年龄、学历对重复流产及近期流产均有影响(P<0.05),而避孕方式对重复流产无明显影响(P>0.05)。结论753例未婚流产女性中20岁以下青少年近1/10,以有职业和高学历者居多,多选择低效避孕方式,年龄越小、学历越低,越容易发生重复流产和近期流产。应加强年轻未婚女性避孕知识的宣教和科普工作,降低该群体的流产率、重复流产及近期流产率。

Objective To investigate the group characteristics of unmarried abortion women and analyze the related factors of abortion.Methods A total of 753 unmarried women who voluntarily underwent abortion in First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2020 to December 2020 were selected.Their clinical data were retrospectively analyzed to investigate their sociodemographic characteristics:age,occupation,education,abortion,contraceptive characteristics:the number of abortions,high-risk factors of abortion,the interval from the last abortion,and contraceptive methods.Abortion≥2 times was defined as repeated abortion,and the interval within 1 year from the last abortion was regard as recent abortion.According to the interval,recent abortion was divided into abortion within 3 months,abortion within half a year and abortion within one year,so as to explore the impact of its sociodemographic characteristics and contraceptive methods on repeated abortion and recent abortion.Results Of 753 unmarried abortion women,aged≤19 years old were accounted for 7.3%,staff 71.3%,college degree 64.8%,inefficient contraception 87.4%,repeated abortion 13.4%,recent abortion 14.4%including 2.1%in three months,5.0%in six months and 7.3%in one year.Univariate analysis showed that age,occupation and education had an impact on repeated abortion(P<0.05),contraceptive methods had no significant impact on repeated abortion(P>0.05),while age and education had an impact on recent abortion(P<0.05),occupation and contraceptive methods had no significant impact on recent abortion(P>0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that age and education had an effect on repeated abortion and recent abortion(P<0.05),while contraceptive methods had no significant effect on repeated abortion(P>0.05).Conclusion Nearly 1/10 of the 753 unmarried abortion women under the age of 20,most of whom have occupation and high education,choose inefficient contraceptive methods.The younger the age and lower the education,the more likely they are to have repeated abortion and recent abortion.We should strengthen the education and popularization of contraceptive knowledge among young unmarried women to reduce the abortion rate,repeated abortion and recent abortion rate of this group.