OECD国家教师资源配置的现状、发展趋势及启示——基于《弥合教育鸿沟:让优秀教师进入最需要他们的学校》的分析

The Status,Development Trend and Implications of Teacher Resources Allocation in OECD Countries——Based on the Abalysis of Mending the Education Diride:Getting Strong Teachers to the Schools That Nead Them Most

经济合作与发展组织(OECD)以2018年进行的TALIS测试为数据支撑,于2022年3月发布了有关教师资源配置的报告《弥合教育鸿沟:让优秀教师进入最需要他们的学校》。其研究发现,虽然从OECD国家总体上看,优秀教师的数量较多且分布大致处于均衡状态,但国别差异和校际差异仍然显著,尤其在优势与劣势学校、城市与农村学校、公立与私立学校之间存在较大的师资差异。今后,OECD国家的教师资源配置政策将注重增加学校选聘自主权、完善教师激励机制、促进教师专业发展以及推动资金分配透明。该报告启示我国应完善教师选聘制度和教师工资制度,促进教师定期流动,增加教师专业培训,以推动我国师资建设。

Based on the data from TALIS tests conducted in 2018,OECD published a report about teacher resources allocation in March 2022,called“Mending the Education Divide:Getting Strong Teachers to the Schools That Need Them Most”.It is found that although the number of strong teachers in OECD countries is on the increase and the distribution is roughly in a balanced state,there are still significant differences between countries and schools,especially between advantaged and disadvantaged schools,city and rural schools,and publicly managed and privately managed schools.In the future,the policy of teacher resources allocation in OECD countries will focus on improving school recruitment autonomy and teacher incentive mechanism,promoting teacher professional development and transparent fund allocation.The report suggests that our country should improve the construction of teacher recruitment system and salary system,and promote the regular mobile and professional training of teachers,so as to strengthen the construction of teachers.