光碳核肥处理‘茂谷柑’冠层内CO_(2)浓度变化特征与叶片生理响应研究

Changes of CO_(2)density in canopy and leaf physiological response of‘Murcott’tangerine under carbon dioxide trapping agent treatment

【目的】研究不同稀释比例光碳核肥对‘茂谷柑’冠层内CO_(2)浓度及叶片生理特性的影响,为光碳核肥在柑橘生产实践的应用提供理论依据与数据支撑。【方法】以6年生枳壳砧木‘茂谷柑’为试材,对其叶面喷施1∶100(处理T1)、1∶150(处理T2)、1∶200(处理T3)稀释比例的光碳核肥,以施加等量清水为对照(处理T4),调查柑橘冠层内CO_(2)浓度变化特征,测定其叶部形态性状、叶绿素含量、光合特性、非结构性碳水化合物。【结果】3种稀释比例光碳核肥处理‘茂谷柑’冠层内CO_(2)浓度较对照提升显著(P<0.05),增幅分别为1.63%(处理T1)、1.94%(处理T2)、1.78%(处理T3)。处理20 d后(6月2日),处理T2、处理T3的叶片的生理指标Chla、Chl(a+b)含量较对照增幅显著(P<0.05)。处理T1在叶片宽度、百叶鲜重、Pn日均值、Tr日均值、Fo、Fm、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo上表现为峰值,其中Pn日均值、Fo、Fm、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo较对照呈显著差异(P<0.05);处理T3在Gs日均值、Ci日均值、叶长、长宽比、叶面积、百叶干重上表现为峰值,但仅有叶长、百叶干重与对照差异显著(P<0.05)。3种光碳核肥处理的叶片可溶性糖含量均表现为下降,淀粉含量均表现为上升,5月13日处理T3的可溶性糖、淀粉含量与处理T4(CK)差异显著(P<0.05)。【结论】叶面喷施光碳核肥能提高‘茂谷柑’冠层内CO_(2)浓度,对叶片生理特性产生积极响应,能增加叶片生物量、叶绿素的积累,提高叶片光合效率,并使其光合产物的配比发生变化。不同稀释比例光碳核肥对‘茂谷柑’叶片生理特性响应不同。

【Objective】The paper aimed to study the effects of different dilution ratios of carbon dioxide trapping agent on CO_(2)concentration in‘Murcott’tangerine canopy and physiological characteristics of leaves,and to provide theoretical basis and data support for the application of carbon dioxide trapping agent in citrus production practice.【Method】In the study,six-year-old trifoliate orange rootstock‘Murcott’tangerine was used as test material,and the leaves were sprayed with 1∶100,1∶150,1∶200 dilution ratio carbon dioxide trapping agent,and the same amount of water was applied as the control.The change characteristics of CO_(2)concentration in citrus canopy were investigated,and the leaf morphological characters,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics and non-structural carbohydrate were measured.【Result】Compared with CK,the CO_(2)concentration in the three dilution ratios of carbon dioxide trapping agent increased significantly(P<0.05),and increased by 1.63%(treatment T1),1.94%(treatment T2)and 1.78%(treatment T3),respectively.The Chla and Chl(a+b)contents in T2 and T3 treatments increased significantly compared with CK on 2 June(P<0.05).The peak values of T1 treatment were leaf width,louver fresh weight,Pndaily mean,Trdaily mean,Fo,Fm,Fv/Fmand Fv/Fo,among which Pndaily mean,Fo,Fm,Fv/Fmand Fv/Foshowed significant differences compared with CK(P<0.05);T3 treatment showed peak values in Gsdaily mean,Cidaily mean,leaf length,length-width ratio,leaf area and leaf dry weight,only leaf length and leaf dry weight were significantly different from CK(P<0.05).Soluble sugar content was decreased and starch content was increased in the three groups treated with carbon dioxide trapping agent.On May 13,Soluble sugar and starch contents of T3 treatment were significantly different from those of CK(P<0.05).【Conclusion】Carbon dioxide trapping agent could increase the concentration of CO_(2)in the canopy of‘Murcott’tangerine,producing a positive response to the physiological characteristics of leaves,increasing the accumulation of biomass and chlorophyll in leaves,effectively alleviated the‘nap’phenomenon of‘Murcott’tangerine,and changed the ratio of photosynthetic products.Different dilution ratio of carbon dioxide trapping agent had different response to physiological characteristics of‘Murcott’tangerine leaves.