我国塑料碳排放核算体系搭建与应用初探

A Preliminary Study on the Construction and Application of China's Plastic Carbon Emission Accounting System

本文围绕化石原料开采、加工、裂解、聚合、注塑成型和废塑料处置六个环节,搭建了塑料全生命周期碳排放核算体系。以2018年我国塑料生产、消费和处置为例进行核算,结果表明塑料全生命周期碳排放量约占全国碳排放总量的4.7%。从排放环节来看,裂解和聚合是碳排放最高的环节,约占总排放量的55%。从生产路线来看,基于煤炭为原料的生产路线碳排放最高,约是基于原油和天然气为原料的生产路线的1.5倍。废塑料物理回收路线的碳排放最低,仅为1.5吨CO_(2)/吨,具有显著的低碳优势。我国塑料行业要推进全产业链低碳转型,应瞄准终端需求减量、能源结构低碳化、废塑料回收利用水平提高等方面,加快建立塑料循环经济。

In this paper,the whole life cycle production and disposal routes of plastics are systematically sorted out,and the whole life cycle carbon emission accounting system of plastics is built around six links:fossil raw material mining,processing,refining,polymerization,injection molding and disposal.Taking the plastic production,consumption and disposal data in China in 2018 as an example,the results show that carbon emissions from the plastics industry account for about 4.7%of the total carbon emissions in the country.In terms of emission links,refining and polymerization are the highest carbon emission links,accounting for about 55%of the total emissions.In terms of production routes,the coal sourced route has the highest carbon emissions,about 1.5 times higher than the oil and gas sourced route.It is worth mentioning that the physical recycling route of waste plastics has the lowest carbon emission,only 1.5 tons CO_(2)/ton,which has significant low carbon advantage.To promote the low-carbon transformation of the whole industry chain,China's plastics industry should aim at the reduction of terminal demand,low-carbon energy structure,and the improvement of waste plastics recycling level to accelerate the establishment of plastics circular economy.