基于遗传算法的不等开口复合材料壳体缠绕角优化设计方法

Optimization Design Method of Winding Angle of Unequal Opening Composite Shell Based on Genetic Algorithm

针对内压作用下的不等开口复合材料壳体,基于精英保留策略遗传算法,建立了复合材料壳体螺旋层缠绕角的优化设计方法。采用四阶龙格库塔法求解非测地线缠绕方程,得到了左右封头的纤维在筒身能够平滑过渡的缠绕角范围。使用基于Abaqus的插件Wound Composite Modeler(WCM)建立二维轴对称壳体模型,优化算法使用Python语言编写,搭建了Python脚本与Abaqus之间的信息传递桥梁。对设计爆压为20MPa的壳体进行了缠绕角优化设计。结果表明,在20MPa载荷下,优化后的壳体比优化前的壳体纤维方向最大应力降低了2.9%,同时爆破压力提升了4.8%。本文的优化方法可以用于复合材料壳体缠绕角优化设计。

For composite shells with unequal openings under the action of internal pressure, based on the elite retention strategy genetic algorithm, an optimal design method for the winding angle of helical layers of composite shells is established. The fourth-order Runge-Kutta method was used to solve the non-geodetic winding equation, and the winding angle range in which the fibers of the left and right heads could be smoothly transitioned in the barrel was obtained. The Abaqus-based plugin Wound Composite Modeler(WCM) is used to establish a two-dimensional axisymmetric shell model, and the optimization algorithm is written in Python language to build an information transfer bridge between Python scripts and Abaqus. The winding angle optimization design is carried out for the shell with the designed explosion pressure of 20MPa. The results show that the optimized shell has a 2.9% reduction in the maximum stress in the fiber direction and a 4.8% increase in the burst pressure under a load of 20 MPa compared with the unoptimized shell. The optimization method in this paper can be used for the optimal design of the winding angle of composite shells.