广东省东莞市犬猫3种重要人兽共患病血清学调查

Serological Investigation on Three Major Zoonoses Prevalent in Dogs and Cats in Dongguan City,Guangdong Province

为了解广东省东莞市犬猫中狂犬病、弓形虫病、布鲁氏菌病3种重要人兽共患病的抗体水平,采集东莞市32个镇(街)1303份犬猫血清样品,其中犬1174份、猫129份,应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)进行3种疫病的血清学检测。结果显示:犬猫狂犬病免疫抗体阳性率为80.74%,仅在犬中检出弓形虫抗体阳性,抗体阳性率为0.85%,未检出布鲁氏菌抗体阳性样品。宠物型犬猫狂犬病免疫抗体阳性率显著高于土养型(P<0.01),>3岁犬猫的抗体阳性率显著高于3岁及以下犬猫(P<0.05);土养犬弓形虫抗体阳性率显著高于宠物犬(P<0.05),<1岁犬阳性率显著高于1岁及以上犬。结果表明:东莞市犬猫狂犬病免疫抗体阳性率较高,免疫效果较好,但存在犬弓形虫的潜在感染风险;犬猫饲养方式和年龄会对抗体阳性率产生一定影响。结果提示,应加强犬猫3种重要人兽共患病的监测,根据监测结果制定针对性的防控措施。本调查基本掌握了当前东莞市犬猫3种重要人兽共患病的抗体水平,为下一步制定相应防控措施提供了参考。

In order to preliminarily investigate the antibody level of three major zoonoses including rabies,toxoplasmosis and brucellosis prevalent in Dongguan City,Guangdong Province,1303 serum samples collected from dogs and cats(1174 from dogs and 129 from cats)in 32 towns(sub-districts)in the city were serologically tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The results showed that the positive rate of rabies immune antibodies in dogs and cats was 80.74%,Toxoplasma gondii antibodies were detected only in dogs,with the positive rate of 0.85%,and no Brucella-positive sample was detected.The positive rate of rabies antibodies in pet dogs and cats was significantly higher than that in the native ones(P<0.01),that in dogs and cats aged over 3 years old was significantly higher than that in those at or under 3 years old(P<0.05);the positive rate of Toxoplasma gondii antibodies in native dogs was significantly higher than that in pet dogs(P<0.05),and that in the dogs under 1year old was significantly higher than that in those over 1 year old.In conclusion,the positive rate of rabies immune antibodies in dogs and cats in Dongguan was high with good immune effect,although a potential risk of Toxoplasma gondii infection was available;the positive rate might be influenced by feeding modes and ages of dogs and cats,against which,intensive monitoring should be conducted,and target measures should be applied according to the results of monitoring.Current antibody level of the three major zoonoses was identified by the investigation,which provided a reference for further development of corresponding prevention and control measures.