无针免疫猪圆环病毒2型亚单位疫苗效果评价

Evaluation on the Effect of Needle-free Immunization with Subunit Vaccines of Porcine Circovirus Type 2

为评价用无针注射器接种猪圆环病毒2型亚单位疫苗的安全性及免疫效果,为无针免疫的使用、推广提供数据支撑,将40头3~5周龄三元猪随机均分为4组,即有针注射1头份剂量组以及无针注射低(1/4头份)、中(1/2头份)、高(1头份)剂量组,分别于第1、21天开展两次免疫,观察试验前后动物的临床症状、体重变化,并对第7、14、21、28、42天各组动物体内抗体水平变化及免疫效率等进行研究。结果显示:采用无针注射器进行免疫时动物疼痛反应较小,注射速度快,免疫后各组动物精神状态、饮食、饮水、自发活动等无异常;与有针注射组动物相比,减量注射(1/4头份)可以显著促进仔猪增重(P<0.05),同时可以达到和有针注射同样的免疫效果(P>0.05);同等剂量亚单位疫苗注射免疫后,无针免疫组动物体内抗体水平更高(P<0.01),且各组动物体内抗体阳性率均可有效维持至试验结束。结果表明,用无针注射器接种猪圆环病毒2型亚单位疫苗安全性高、耐受性好、有效性稳定,无针注射器减量免疫可以达到有效保护作用的同时促进了仔猪生长,可尝试推广应用。

In order to evaluate the safety and immune effect of subunit vaccines of porcine circovirus type 2(PCV-2)inoculated with needle-free syringes,and to support the application and popularization of needle-free immunization,40 Sanyuan pigs at 3-5 week old were randomly divided into four groups,one group injected at one dose/pig with needle syringes,and other groups with needle-free syringes,that was,1/4 dose/pig,1/2 dose/pig and 1 dose/pig,respectively,all of which were immunized twice on the 1st and 21st days,respectively,the clinical symptoms and body weight of the pigs before and after the test were observed,and the changes of their antibody level and immune efficiency on the 7th,14th,21st,28th and 42nd days were studied.The results showed that no abnormal mental state,diet,drinking water or spontaneous movement was observed after immunization as the pigs react a little due to rapid injection with needle-free syringes;compared with those in the group injected with needle syringes,reduced injection(1/4dose/pig)could significantly increase the weight gain of piglets(P<0.05),with same effect as those with needle syringes(P>0.05);after immunization with the same dose of subunit vaccines,the antibody level of the pigs in the groups with needle-free syringes was higher(P<0.01),and the antibody positive rate of all pigs in each group could be effectively maintained until the end of the test.In conclusion,needle-free immunization with subunit vaccines of PCV-2 could be applied and popularized as it was safe with good tolerance and effectiveness,especially reduction injection could provide good protection and improve the growth of piglets.