锂离子电池快速寿命评价技术与方法

Overview of Rapid Lifetime Evaluation Technologies and Methods for Lithium-ion Batteries

随着锂离子电池寿命特性的提升,以及电力储能、电动汽车和航空航天等应用领域对长期运行可靠性的需求,迫切需要在较短时间内完成锂离子电池的高精度全周期寿命评价。近年来,针对锂离子电池剩余寿命的研究较多,但对以锂离子电池寿命特性验证与鉴定为目的的快速寿命评价技术和方法缺乏系统梳理。本文分析了锂离子电池寿命评价的快速、高精度、强适用性等特点,归纳了锂离子电池寿命预测的通用技术和加速寿命试验设计流程,总结了4种可操作性强的快速寿命评价方法实例,为锂离子电池设计、制造和应用提供参考和借鉴。

With the improvement of life characteristics of lithium-ion batteries and the demands for long-term operation reliability in the application fields such as electric energy storage, electric vehicles, and aerospace, it is urgent to realize the high-precision life evaluation of full lifetime for lithium-ion batteries in a short period of time. In recent years, the life prediction or remaining useful life(RUL) prediction of lithium-ion batteries has become a research hotspot. However, there is a lack of systematic summary of rapid life evaluation technologies and methods for verifying or identifying the life characteristics of lithium-ion batteries. In this paper, the characteristics of life evaluation for lithium-ion batteries are analyzed, e. g., fast speed, high efficiency, high precision, and strong applicability. The commonly life evaluation technologies and the design process of accelerated life test are summarized. Four examples of rapid life evaluation methods based on the degradation mechanism model, the equivalent circuit model, the empirical degradation model, and data drive are discussed. Finally, the challenges and development trends of rapid life evaluation technologies for lithium-ion batteries are analyzed.