日本海洋科技发展战略布局分析与启示——基于《联合国“海洋十年”日本倡议》

Japanese Marine Science and Technology Development Strategic Analysis and Its Implication For China Based on Japan’s Initiatives for UN Decade of Ocean Science

作为主张“海洋国家”和“科学技术国家”的日本,海洋科技创新是日本战略政策的重要组成部分。2021年是“联合国海洋科学促进可持续发展十年”正式实施的第一年,日本第一时间发布的《联合国“海洋十年”日本倡议》,详细介绍了日本近年来开展的科研项目,反映了日本海洋科研战略布局与发展方向。本文通过分析日本参与“海洋十年”的举措以及海洋科研项目布局,梳理日本海洋科技最新进展,分析日本海洋国际合作的方向与优劣势,对我国海洋科研布局提出四点建议:1)推动政策制度与科研探索协同发展,激励海洋事业高质量发展;2)积极参与“海洋十年”等国际大型海洋科研计划,提高话语权;3)加强海洋标准体系建设,加速中国标准国际化进程;4)强化“产学研”链条式协同发展。

As a“maritime country”and“science and technology country”,marine scientific and technological innovation is an important part of Japan’s strategic policy.In 2021,the first year of the implementation of the UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development,Japan immediately published Japan’s Initiatives for the UN Decade of Ocean Science,which introduced the scientific research projects carried out by Japan in recent years and reflected the strategic and development direction of Japan’s marine research.By analyzing Japan’s participation in Ocean Decade and marine scientific research project,this paper elucidates Japanese marine science and technology development direction and the advantages and disadvantages,finally put forward four implications for China:promote policy system and the collaborative development of scientific research and exploration;actively participate in the Ocean Decade and other international large-scale marine scientific research programs to enhance our voice;strengthen the construction of marine standards system,accelerate the internationalization of Chinese standards;strengthen the coordinated development of enterprises,universities and research institutes.