美国职前教师实践教学的困境、对策与思考:以第三空间为视角

Plight, Countermeasures and Reflections of Preservice Teachers’ Practice Teaching in America: A Perspective of the Third Space

运用杂合理论的第三空间创建未来教师教育培养模式是当前美国职前教师实践教学的重点,其宗旨在于完善职前教师实践教育项目和中小学课堂教学实践存在的困境,如大学教师和中小学教师之间的合作意识薄弱,指导教师对实习生的指导针对性不强、大学课程设计内容和中小学课堂教学实践内容关联性不强等。鉴于此,美国教师教育各项目尝试在职前教师实践教学中实现四个方面的跨界融合,即学术理论和教学实践、中小学教师和大学教师、多媒体辅助教学和实践经验,以及社区文化和大学职前教师教育体系等多方面的跨界融合等,这种多维度、多视角和多领域的跨界融合与对话也为我国师范生教育实践能力培养提供了有力的借鉴。

This article reviewed the third space of hybridity and its application in the United States’ teachers’ education training that focused on preservice practice teaching that is designed to change the current situation of the separation of preservice teachers education programs and classroom teaching practice in primary and middle schools, such as the lack of cooperation between university instructors and primary and secondary school teachers, aimless instruction to interns, the divorce of university curriculum teaching from the classroom teaching in primary and middle schools, etc. It found that its ultimate goal is to achieve the integration of the four aspects: academic theory and teaching practice, primary & secondary school teachers and university instructors, auxiliary teaching and practical experience, and community culture and pre-service teacher education programs. This multi-dimensional, multi-angle, multi-field cross-border integration and dialogue provides good implications for the training of normal students in China.