社会资本视角下公益性社会组织发展之路——以“红领之家”为例

The Developmental Route of Social Organizations as Exemplified by the Red-faith-family from the Social Capital Perspective

运用社会资本理论从个体性社会资本与集体性社会资本两个维度探究“红领之家”发展的缘由。组织领导者从业时长与社会网络的编织、需求开发与“普遍互惠”的深入、媒体报道与合作网络的拓展是个体性社会资本得以增长的重要因子;集体性社会资本分为政策环境和合作伙伴关系两个部分,政策撬动的空间和伙伴关系的生成是夯实集体性社会资本的关键。个体性社会资本影响组织发展的资源获取能力,集体性社会资本影响相关资源获取的难易程度。由“红领之家”发展实践可以看出:个体性社会资本与集体性社会资本是动态互促的,选择有能力和情怀组织领导者、低度的“非对称性依赖”、精准的动态政策供给是社会组织茁壮成长的关键。

Using social capital theory, the study aims to explore the reasons for the development of the red-faith-family from the perspectives of individual social capital and collective social capital. The important factors for the growth of individual social capital include the work time span of the organization leader, the construct of social network, the development of the demand and “universal reciprocity”, the expansion of media coverage and cooperation network. The collective social capital falls into two parts:policy environment and partnership. The space of policy leverage and the formation of partnership consolidate and enrich collective social capital. In addition, the individual social capital affects the resource acquisition ability of the organization development, while the collective social capital affects the difficulty of obtaining relevant resources. As can be seen from the redfaith-family, the relationship between individual social capital and collective social capital is dynamic and mutual promoted. In one word, the selection of competent and noble leaders, low degree of “asymmetric dependence” and accurate dynamic policy supply are important factors for the healthy growth of social organizations.