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玉米F2群体轴部相关性状的数量遗传分析

Quantitative Genetic Analysis of Cob Correlated Traits in Maize F2 Population
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摘要 本研究采用遗传模型预测的方法,探究玉米轴部性状的遗传机理,以期为育种家指明育种方向,提高育种效率。以FBHJ和MBUB两亲本组配的含390个家系的F2群体为材料,利用植物数量分离分析软件包中的F2单世代分析方法,对其穗轴长、粒长、穗轴粗、粒宽、穗轴重、百粒重、粒厚等7个轴部相关性状进行数量遗传分析、相关分析以及回归分析。结果表明,穗轴粗、粒长、粒宽3个性状最适遗传模型为A-0,即无主基因遗传;穗轴重和粒厚受2对主基因控制,主基因存在加性-显性-上位性,符合B-1模型;穗轴长和百粒重由1对主效基因控制,最适模型分别为A-1、A-3,各模型主基因遗传率介于28.37%~59.11%,其中百粒重性状的遗传率最大。各性状均与百粒重呈极显著正相关。百粒重(Y)对其他农艺性状的回归方程为Y=-57.126+0.176X1+3.069X2+2.890X3+5.108X4,拟合度为0.723。通径分析中粒宽的间接作用和粒长的直接作用表现最大。这一研究结果为玉米轴部性状的遗传解析提供了理论依据。 The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic mechanism of cob traits by using genetic model prediction,point out breeding directions for breeders and improve breeding efficiency.The F2population containing 390 lines crossed by two parents,FBHJ and MBUB,was used as material.The F2single generation analysis method in the quantitative segregation analysis package for plants was used to perform quantitative genetic analysis,correlation analysis and regression analysis of seven cob-related traits,including ear cob length,kernel length,ear cob diameter,kernel width,ear cob weight,100-kernel weight and kernel thickness.The results showed that the most suitable genetic model for three traits,namely,ear cob diameter,kernel length and kernel width,was A-0,which inherited by no major gene.Ear cob weight and kernel thickness were controlled by two pairs of major genes,and the major genes were additive-dominant-superior,which was consistent with the B-1 model.Ear cob length and 100-kernel weight were controlled by one pair of major genes,and the most suitable models were A-1 and A-3,respectively.The heritability of major genes ranged from 28.37%to 59.11%for each model,with the largest heritability for 100-kernel weight trait.All traits were positively correlated with 100-kernel weight.The regression equation of 100-kernel weight(Y)on other agronomic traits was Y=-57.126+0.176X1+3.069X2+2.890X3+5.108X4with a fit degree of 0.723.The indirect effect of kernel width and the direct effect of kernel length were the highest in the throughput analysis.The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the genetic resolution of cob traits in maize.
作者 于冲 张凤云 黄浩 路运才 YU Chong;ZHANG Fengyun;HUANG Hao;LU Yuncai(College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150086;Heilongjiang University Library,Harbin 150086)
出处 《中国农学通报》 2023年第5期13-20,共8页 Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金 国家十三五重点研发计划“玉米分子设计育种”(2016YFD0101803) 黑龙江省自然科学基金联合引导项目“利用连锁和关联分析发掘玉米抗低温出苗优异等位基因”(LH2019C056)。
关键词 玉米 遗传分析 农艺性状 主基因+多基因 F2群体 maize genetic analysis agronomic traits main gene+poly gene F2 population
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