江苏地区西瓜嫁接砧木品种筛选试验

Screening of Rootstock Varieties for Watermelon in Jiangsu

为提升江苏地区西瓜嫁接栽培水平,解决西瓜重茬障碍的问题,以‘早佳8424’自根苗为阴性对照,以‘京欣砧2号’嫁接苗为阳性对照,以‘京欣砧9号’‘、京欣砧冠’‘、京欣砧王’‘、京欣砧强’‘、京欣砧优’、‘合力7号’、‘ZM9002’、‘强根’、‘SYN650’、‘SYN004’、‘日本雪松’嫁接苗为处理组,调查不同嫁接砧木对西瓜嫁接亲和力、植株长势、抗病性、产量和果实性状的影响。11个砧木嫁接成活率良好,嫁接苗对‘早佳8424’植株长势、抗病性、产量、果实可溶性糖含量都有提升,而对果肉质地、果实风味有不同程度的影响。‘京欣砧强’‘、SYN004’综合表现最好,嫁接亲和力好,对植株生长和产量提升明显,对果实品质无不良影响,推荐作为江苏地区‘早佳8424’西瓜嫁接专用砧木进行推广。

The paper aims to improve the watermelon grafting cultivation level in Jiangsu and solve the problem in watermelon continuous cropping. The self-rooted seedlings of’Zaojia 8424’were used as negative control and’Jingxinzhen 2’grafted seedlings were used as positive control, and grafted seedlings of ’Jingxizhen 9’,’Jingxinzhen Guan’,’Jingxinzhen Wang’,’Jingxinzhen Qiang’,’Jingxinzhen You’,’Heli 7’,’ZM9002’,’Qianggen’,’SYN650’,’SYN004’, and’Ribenxuesong’were used as treatment groups. The effects of different rootstock varieties on the grafting affinity, plant growth status, disease resistance, yield and fruit traits of watermelon were investigated. The grafting survival rate of all the grafted seedlings was good, grafting improved the growth, disease resistance, yield and fruit soluble sugar content of ’Zaojia 8424’, but grafting had different effects on fruit texture and flavor.’Jingxinzhen Qiang’ and ’SYN004’ had the best performance in Jiangsu, which had good grafting affinity and obvious improvement on plant growth and yield, and no adverse effect on fruit quality. These two rootstock varieties are recommended as special rootstock for watermelon ’Zaojia 8424’ grafting in Jiangsu.