神经炎症在视网膜退行性疾病中作用的研究进展

Research progress on the role of neuroinflammation in retinal degenerative disease

视网膜退行性疾病(RD)是全球范围内不可逆性致盲眼病的主要原因,其特征是视网膜神经元的进行性退化,造成视觉功能严重受损。目前针对该病以对症治疗为主,而对于视网膜神经元的保护及视觉重构的效果有限。近年来随着对RD发病机制研究的深入,发现神经胶质细胞迁移、募集和激活及细胞因子产生是RD中视网膜细胞进行性凋亡的关键因素,因此神经炎症有望成为预防和治疗此病的新途径。本文就神经炎症在RD的基础研究和临床治疗两方面进行综述。

Retinal degenerative disease(RD) is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide. It is characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal neurons, resulting in severe impairment of visual function. At present, symptomatic treatment is the main treatment for this disease but the effect on the protection of retinal neurons and visual reconstruction is limited.In recent years, with the in-depth research on the pathogenesis of RD, it has been found that the migration, recruitment and activation of glial cells and the production of cytokines are the key factors for the progressive apoptosis of retinal cells in RD. Therefore, neuroinflammation is expected to be a new way to prevent and treat the disease.In this article, the basic research and clinical treatment of neuroinflammation in RD are reviewed.