光伏-PEM储氢系统建模与仿真

Modeling and Simulation of Photovoltaic-PEM Hydrogen Storage System

光伏发电存在间歇性的缺点,需要一个可持续的储能系统来满足需求。介绍光伏-PEM(质子交换膜)储氢系统,将电能转化为氢气储存,后期再通过PEM燃料电池将氢气转化为电能。该系统包含光伏发电系统、PEM制氢电解槽以及燃料电池等,通过电解水产生氢气,氢气在高压下储存在压缩储罐中以备后用,后期系统有需要时,氢气将通过PEM燃料电池重新转化为电能。光伏发电系统的输出电流由PI控制器控制,以稳定电解槽的输入电流。对于光伏-PEM储氢系统,主要问题是对天气条件的依赖。通过系统建模来模拟光伏-PEM储氢系统的运行过程,评估与太阳能光伏输出电流相关的光照强度对氢气生产、氢气储存以及后期氢气再电气化的影响,为后续有助于缓解与太阳能、风力发电和其他间歇性发电相关的储能问题奠定基础。

Photovoltaic generation has the disadvantage of being intermittent, and a sustainable energy storage system is needed to meet demand. A photovoltaic-PEM(proton exchange membrane) hydrogen storage system was introduced, by which electrical energy was converted into hydrogen to store, and later hydrogen was converted into electrical energy through a PEM fuel cell. The system included photovoltaic power generation system, PEM hydrogen production electrolyzer and fuel cell, etc. Hydrogen was generated through the electrolysis of water, the hydrogen was stored in a compressed storage tank under high pressure for later use, when the system needed later, the hydrogen would be exchanged electricity through PEM fuel cells. The output current of the photovoltaic power generation system was controlled by PI controller to stabilize the input current of the electrolyzer. For photovoltaic-PEM hydrogen storage systems, the main problem is the dependence on weather conditions.The operation process of photovoltaic-PEM hydrogen storage system was simulated through system modeling, and the impact of light intensity related to solar photovoltaic output current on hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, and later hydrogen re-electrification was evaluated, which is helpful for subsequent research for energy storage issues associated with solar, wind, and other intermittent power generation.