世界现代化理论研究综述

Overview of theoretical research on world modernization

自20世纪五六十年代以来,国际上对世界现代化运动进行了深入、系统、持久的理论研究,从经典现代化理论到反现代化理论、后现代化理论再到新现代化理论,形成了一幅繁纷多彩的世界图景。经典现代化理论曾产生广泛的世界性影响,但在面对世界现代化发展出现的新现象新问题新挑战时也遭遇了越来越多的质疑、修正乃至否定。根据世界现代化发展出现的新现象新问题新领域,反现代化理论、后现代化理论和新现代化理论都开展了开拓性和创新性研究,在一定程度上都是对经典现代化理论的一种批判、否定和修正,从而使现代化理论更具有说服力和新的解释力。从形成理论体系和产生世界性影响的现代化理论学说来看,则主要有内发型和外发型理论(原发型和后发型理论)、经典现代化理论和依附理论、人的现代化理论、现代化评价标准理论、现代性理论等。

Since the 1950s and 1960s,the international community has conducted in-depth,systematic and lasting theoretical research on the world modernization movement.From the classical modernization theory to the anti-modernization theory,the post modernization theory and the new modernization theory,a colorful world picture has been formed.The classical modernization theory once had a wide worldwide influence,but it also encountered more and more doubts,amendments and even negations in the face of new phenomena,new problems and new challenges arising from the development of world modernization.According to the new phenomena,new problems and new fields in the development of world modernization,anti-modernization theory,post modernization theory and new modernization theory have all carried out pioneering and innovative research,which to some extent is a criticism,negation and revision of classical modernization theory,thus making modernization theory more persuasive and explanatory in new ways.From the perspective of the modernization theory that forms the theoretical system and exerts worldwide influence,there are mainly the endogenous and exogenous theories,the classical modernization theory and the dependency theory,the modernization of people theory,the modernization evaluation standard theory,the modernity theory,etc.