美国国家步道建设经验及启示

Experience and Enlightenment of National Trail Construction in USA

系统梳理美国国家步道规划与建设的相关经验,主要包括:依法保障步道建设,鼓励社会力量投入;细分步道类别,明确步道设立规范;注重步道的科学规划与合理设计,提升步道品质;制定步道建设规范,促使步道建设标准化;设立步道开发级别,规定步道预期建设标准等。在从经济、社会和生态三个方面阐述其实施效益的基础上,提出对我国国家步道建设的启示:构建系统化政策体系,以高效能治理助推可持续发展;拓展国家步道建设资金筹措渠道,引导社会力量投入;分级分类规划设计步道,增强步道建设的科学性与合理性;细分步道开发级别,满足人们多样性的游憩需求;发挥步道的联动和辐射带动作用,赋能乡村振兴。

The experience of national trail planning and construction in the United States has been systematically reviewed, mainly including guaranteeing trail construction by law and encouraging social investment, subdividing trail categories and specifying trail establishment norms, focusing on scientific planning and reasonable design of trails to improve trail quality, formulating trail construction norms to promote standardization of trail construction, establishing trail development levels and stipulating expected construction standards for trails. On the basis of the economic, social and ecological benefits, the paper proposes to build a systematic policy system to promote sustainable development with high performance governance, to expand the funding channels for the construction of national trails and to guide social investment, to enhance the scientific and rational construction of trails through graded and classified planning and design, to subdivide the trail development levels to meet people’s diversified recreational needs and to empower rural revitalization with the linkage and radiation drive of the trail development.