清末和民国时期小学音乐课程弱势考察及当代启示

Inspecting theWeakness of Music Course in Primary Schools in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic China Period and Its Contemporary Enlightenment

小学音乐课程是在近代教育改革中借鉴西方课程体系的过程中得以确立的。不过,由于民族危机导致的功利心态,音乐等课程被学界认为是“无用”课程,使得音乐课程缺乏制度推动,教育当局也极为漠视,导致音乐课程教学设施落后,师资薄弱,教学时间难以保证,课程目标难以实现,在课程设立之初就成为弱势课程。当代要使音乐课程不再弱势,在人的全面发展中发挥其应有的功能,需要重塑课程观念,建构良好的课程生态环境,多方位促进教师专业化,保障各项政策的贯彻落实。

Music courses were established in the process of drawing lessons from western curriculum system in modern educational reform.However,due to the utilitarian mentality caused by national crisis,the academic circles often regarded music and other courses as“useless”,which led to the lack of institutional promotion for music course.The education authorities were extremely indifferent to music courses,resulting in backward teaching facilities,unqualified teachers,difficulty in guaranteeing the teaching time and achieving the curriculum objectives,thus the music courses became a weak course at the beginning of the establishment.In order to make music courses no longer weak and play its due function in the all-round development of the individual,it is necessary to reshape the concept of course,construct a good curriculum ecological environment,promote teachers’specialization from various aspects and ensure the implementation of various policies.