夏播京单28和郑单958的主要性状及气候资源利用率对比分析

Comparative Analysis on Main Characters and Utilization Rate of Climate Resources of Summer Sowing Jingdan 28 and Zhengdan 958

为了探索沧州生态类型区夏播玉米的适宜主栽品种,于2016—2017年选择京单28和郑单958在沧州开展田间试验,对2个品种的主要性状及气候资源利用率进行比较分析。结果显示:2个品种的穗长、秃尖、穗行、单穗粒质量、籽粒含水量、产量和产值存在显著性差异。与京单28相比,郑单958的穗长平均减少2.20 cm,秃尖平均减少1.15 cm,穗行数平均增加2.90,单穗粒质量平均增加17.50 g,籽粒含水量平均增加4.35百分点,产量平均增加12.5%,产值平均提高2510.0元/hm^(2);热量利用率平均提高7.3%,日照时数利用率平均提高4.8%,降水利用率平均提高12.0%,资源利用率平均提高8.1%。京单28的生育期较郑单958短8 d,其收获时的籽粒平均含水量为20.9%,倒伏倒折率低于5%,较适宜机械化籽粒收获。

In order to explore the suitable main varieties of summer sowing maize in Cangzhou ecological type area,Jingdan 28 and Zhengdan 958 were selected to carry out field comparative experiment in Cangzhou from 2016 to 2017,and the main characters and climatic resource utilization efficiency of the two varieties were compared and analyzed.The results showed that there were significant differences in ear length,bald tip,ear row,grain quality per ear,grain water content,yield and output value between the two varieties.Compared with Jingdan 28,the ear length of Zhengdan 958 decreased by 2.2 cm,the bald tip decreased by 1.15 cm,the number of rows per ear increased by 2.7 g,the grain weight per ear increased by 17.5 g,the grain water content increased by 4.35%,the yield increased by 12.5%,and the output value increased by 2510.0 yuan/hm^(2).The utilization rate of light energy,sunshine hours,precipitation and resources increased by 7.3%,4.8%,12.0%and 8.1%respectively.The growth period of Jingdan 28 is 8 days shorter than that of Zhengdan 958,the average grain water content at harvest is 20.9%,and the lodging rate is less than 5%,which is more suitable for mechanized grain harvest.