内河单线航道船舶双向通航方式分析

Analysis of two-way navigation mode in one-way inland waterway

为分析内河单线航道双向通航的可行性和合理性,研究了单线航道2种双向通航方式的关键参数与船舶延误.根据潮汐式通航原理,计算了双向潮汐式通航周期、停泊区所需最小容量和船舶平均延误;采用船舶交通仿真方法,分析了单线航道双向连续通航所需的条件,并给出了相邻会让区间距和船舶平均延误的计算公式,最后提出了2种通航方式选择的判别条件.结果表明:双向潮汐式通航停泊区所需最小容量和船舶平均延误与单线航道长度和船舶到达率正相关,与船舶速度负相关;船舶均匀到达且到达率小于4艘/h,合理设置会让区,方可实现单线航道双向连续式通航;相邻会让区间距与船舶速度成正比,与船舶到达率成反比,船舶平均延误等于船舶到达率的倒数;单线航道越长,船舶到达率越大,双向连续式通航方式越优.当船舶航速为8 km/h,单线航道长度分别为5、10、20 km时,双向连续式通航适用的船舶最小到达率分别为1.71、0.87、0.44艘/h,否则宜采用双向潮汐式通航.

To analyze the feasibility and rationality of two-way navigation mode in one-way waterway, the key parameters and ship delay of two-way tidal or continuous navigation mode were studied.According to the principle of tidal navigation, the tidal cycle, the required minimum capacity of berthing area, and average delay of two-way tidal navigation mode were calculated.Using the simulation of inland vessel traffic, the conditions required for two-way continuous navigation in one-way waterway were analyzed, and the formulae for the delay and space between adjacent meeting areas were obtained.Finally, based on the delay, the criteria for the selection of the two navigation modes were proposed.The results show that the required minimum capacity and average ship delay of two-way tidal navigation mode are positively correlated with the waterway length and ship arrival rate, while negatively correlated with ship speed.The two-way continuous navigation mode can only be realized if the meeting areas are set reasonably when the ships arrive uniformly and the arrival rate is less than 4 ship/h.The space between adjacent meeting areas is directly proportional to the ship speed and inversely proportional to the arrival rate.The average ship delay of two-way continuous navigation mode is equal to the inverse of the arrival rate.The longer the one-way waterway, the greater the arrival rate, and the better two-way continuous navigation mode.When the ship speed is 8 km/h and the one-way waterway length is 5, 10, 20 km, respectively, the minimum ship arrival rate suitable for two-way continuous navigation is 1.71, 0.87, 0.44 ship/h, respectively.Otherwise, two-way tidal navigation should be adopted.