基于主成分分析的谷子种质资源主要农艺性状综合评价

Comprehensive Evaluation of Major Agronomic Traits of Foxtail Millet Germplasm Resources Based on Principal Component Analysis

为了综合评价25份谷子种质资源,选取主茎直径、穗粒重、单穗重、千粒重、产量等12个主要农艺性状指标,通过变异系数、相关性和主成分分析等方法对谷子种质在新疆伊犁州的适应性进行综合评价。结果表明,12个主要农艺性状变异系数幅度在7.20%~18.55%之间,茎粗、主穗直径和产量的变异系数较大,千粒重和生育期变异系数较小。不同谷子品种的主要农艺性状之间存在相关性。产量与单穗重、穗粒重和千粒重呈极显著正相关,与生育期、倒二叶宽度呈显著负相关;千粒重与生育期、倒二叶宽度分别呈极显著和显著负相关。对主要农艺性状进行主成分分析,提取到4个主成分,累计贡献率为81.78%。25个谷子品种主成分综合得分高低顺序依次为:嫩选18>赤优金苗1号>陇谷13>九谷23>金苗K2>济谷22>嫩选15>张杂谷16号>公谷88>冀谷168>黄金苗>朝谷58>大同29>张杂谷13号>豫谷18>中谷2号>豫谷35>长农47>晋谷21>中谷9号>龙谷38>龙谷25>长农35>山西红谷>冀谷39。嫩选18、赤优金苗1号、陇谷13、九谷23、金苗K2、济谷22和嫩选15适宜在伊犁州种植,其主成分得分与产量表现基本一致,产量依次为617.81,550.03,588.03,579.81,564.92,535.36和594.92 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1),生育期适中,为120~144 d。

In order to comprehensively evaluate 25 millet germplasm resources.Twelve main agronomic traits including main stem diameter, grain weight per spike, single spike weight, 1 000-grain weight and yield were selected to comprehensively evaluate the adaptability of millet germplasm in Ili Prefecture of Xinjiang by means of variation coefficient, correlation and principal component analysis.The coefficient of variation of 12 main agronomic traits ranged from 7.20% to 18.55%. The coefficient of variation of stem diameter, main panicle diameter and yield were larger, and the coefficient of variation of 1 000-grain weight and growth period were smaller. There was a correlation between the main agronomic traits of different millet varieties. The yield was significantly positively correlated with single panicle weight, grain weight per panicle and 1 000-grain weight, and significantly negatively correlated with growth period and width of the second leaf from top. The 1 000-grain weight was significantly negatively correlated with the growth period and the width of the second leaf. Principal component analysis was performed on the main agronomic traits, and four principal components were extracted, with a cumulative contribution rate of 81.78%. The order of comprehensive scores of principal components of 25 millet varieties was as follows : Nenxuan 18>ChiyouJinmiao 1>Longgu 13>Jiugu 23>Jinmiao K2>Jigu 22>Nenxuan 15>Zhangzagu 16>Gonggu 88>Jigu 168>Huangjinmiao>Chaogu 58>Datong 29>Zhangzagu 13>Yugu 18> Zhonggu 2>Yugu 35>Changnong 47>Jingu 21>Zhonggu 9>Longgu 38>Longgu 25>Changnong 35>Shanxihonggu>Jigu 39.Nenxuan 18, Chiyoujinmiao 1, Longgu 13, Jiugu 23, Jinmiao K2, Jigu 22 and Nenxuan 15 were suitable for planting in Yili Prefecture, and their principal component scores were basically consistent with the yield performance. The yields were 617.81,550.03,588.03,579.81,564.92,535.36, and 594.92 kg·(667 m^(2))^(-1)respectively, and growth period was moderate, ranging from 120 days to 144 days.