哈茨木霉对甜瓜枯萎病病原菌的生防效果

Biological Effects of Trichoderma harzianum on the Pathogen of Melon Fusarium Wilt

为促进哈茨木霉菌在生产中的应用,通过培养皿试验和盆栽试验分析了哈茨木霉菌对枯萎病病原菌的抑制作用以及对甜瓜枯萎病抗性的影响。结果表明,在培养皿对峙试验中,发现哈茨木霉菌菌株DQ002及其挥发性物质和发酵液均能有效抑制枯萎病病原菌菌丝的生长,最高抑制率分别为77.18%、18.73%和22.79%;盆栽试验发现哈茨木霉DQ002可以有效缓解甜瓜枯萎病的发生,并且提高了甜瓜幼苗叶片和根部的PAL酶和β-1,3-葡聚糖酶活性。总之,哈茨木霉菌DQ002通过空间竞争及其发酵液和挥发物质明显抑制了枯萎病病原菌菌丝的生长,并通过提高甜瓜幼苗PAL和β-1,3-葡聚糖防御酶活性增强了甜瓜对枯萎病的抗性,降低了甜瓜枯萎病的发生率。

In order to improve application of Trichoderma harzianum on the production of muskmelon, in vitro and pot experiments were carried out to examine the inhibitory effect, resistance against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. melonis(FOM) treated with Trichoderma. In vitro experiments indicated that T. harzianum and its volatile compounds and fermentation broth inhibited the growth of FOM mycelium, the inhibitory rate was 77.18%, 18.73% and 22.79%, respectively. The pot experiments results showed that T. harzianum could alleviated the incidence of Fusarium wilt, and improved the activity of PAL and β-1,3-glucanase in muskmelon root and seedling. In conclusion, T. harzianum DQ002 significantly inhibited the growth of the pathogen of Fusarium wilt through space competition and its fermentation broth and volatile substances, and improved the PAL and β-1,3-glucanase activity, enhanced the resistance of muskmelon to Fusarium wilt and reduced the incidence of melon Fusarium wilt.