疑伪经文本构成的复杂和奇特——-以《十王经》为中心的考察

The Complexity and Peculiarity of the Text Constitution of Buddhist Apocrypha——An Investigation Centered on the Scripture of Ten Kings

西夏、藏文本《十王经》较汉文本增加了天使经中的阎罗宫和五天使内容,西夏本体现了早期藏文本的面貌。而现存捷克藏文本还有弥陀境域、六道十地、浓缩心经、弥勒真言等四个独具条项,应是在早期藏文本基础上后来增添,这使其成为诸本《十王经》中文本构成最为复杂奇特的一个版本。西夏本经文正文等项译自藏文本,序言则译自汉文本,这在此前的西夏译作中尚属首次发现。明刻本《十王经》在十王审讯偈颂之下又有散文长行,其文本构成在诸汉文本中别具一格。明刻本此一特点与藏文本相同,但两者的散文长行在内容上有明显差异。

The paper points out that the Tangut and Tibetan versions of The Scripture of Ten Kings add the content of Yama palace and five messengers.The Tangut version reflects the features of an early Tibetan one.The extant Tibetan version preserved in Prague includes four unique content of Amitābha’s Buddha-field,exposition of the paths,the condensed heart Sūtra and Maitreya’s Dhāra n.ī,which develops from the early Tibetan version,becoming the most complex and peculiar one during different versions of the Scripture of Ten Kings.The scripture of the Tangut version is translated from Tibetan original,but the preface is translated from Chinese version.This phenomenon is discovered for the first time in the Tangut translated works.The Ming Dynasty block-printed edition has prose behind the Gatha of Ten Kings’inquest which makes its text constitution special among Chinese versions of the Scripture of Ten Kings.This character of the Ming Dynasty version is the same to the Tibetan version,although the content is clearly different.