“三焰食日”卜辞争议及相关问题略论

A Brief Discussion on the Controversy of“San Yan Shi Ri”Inscriptions and Related Issues

关于“三焰食日”卜辞的性质有日食、气象两种观点,学者们在经过古文字与天文学两方面的研究后,最终排除了日食观点,且取得一些共识。“三焰食日”卜辞应该是对乙卯日天气的卜问,验辞记录了乙卯日的天气变化,由“阴而无雨”经“云气消散”到最终“大晴”。不过日食观点的提出有其合理之处,且有较大影响,学者们将其否定后又通过各种方式予以了澄清。

There are two views on the nature of“San Yan Shi Ri”inscriptions:solar eclipse and meteorological.Scholars finally excluded the view of solar eclipse after the study of ancient characters and astronomy,and reached some consensus.The inscription of“San Yan Shi Ri”should be an inquisition on the weather of Yi Mao day.It records the weather changes of Yi Mao day,from“cloudy without rain”through“cloud and gas dissipation”to“great clear”at last.The view of solar eclipse is reasonable and has great influence.Scholars have denied it and clarified it through various ways.