胡安国《春秋传》宗庙礼制之经世功用

The Historical Function of the Ritual System of Ancestral Temple Spring and Autumn Annals by Hu Anguo

宗庙是承载庙祭教化的祭享之所,宗庙文化是儒家学者研究的重要内容,《春秋》向来尊严庙制,胡安国在《春秋传》中对宗庙有一系列的解读,凸显出鲜明的经世价值。主要体现在:第一,传承二程义理之学,以“理”释礼,因象明礼,使《春秋传》成为宋代春秋学由神秘思维转向义理解经的关键著作;第二,扬《春秋》万世之法,正君臣父子夫妇之名;第三,秉《春秋》大义,全君臣恩礼,在尊君抑臣的思想中并非一味压制臣下而讲恩义;第四,彰圣王之道,以民为本,提醒君主勤政修德。其精心诠释的理学思想、正名思想、尊君思想、民本思想对南宋走向中兴之治奠定了坚实的基础。

Ancestral temple is the place where the worship of temple is carried,and the culture of Ancestral temple is an important content of the study of Confucian scholars.The Spring and Autumn Annals has always been a dignified temple system.Hu Anguo has a series of interpretations of Ancestral temple in the Spring and Autumn Annals,highlighting the distinct realistic value.Firstly,it inherits the theory of the two stages of Yi Li and interprets Li with"Li".Because it resembles Ming Li,the Spring and Autumn Annals became a key work that transformed the theory of Spring and Autumn in the Song Dynasty from mystical thinking to the understanding of the meaning of the Sutra.Second,carry forward the Spring and Autumn Annals eternal law,the name of the king and minister father and son.Third,Uphold the"Spring and Autumn"great justice,all the king and minister courtesy,in the thought of respecting the king and undercutting the minister is not blindly suppress the minister,but speak of kindness;Fourth,show the way of the holy king,take the people as the foundation,remind the monarch to work hard and cultivate virtue.His elaborate interpretation of Neo-Confucianism,the thought of justifying the name,the thought of respecting the king and the thought of the people laid a solid foundation for the Southern Song Dynasty to the rejuvenation of the rule.