生物可降解弹性体在蛋白多肽传递体系中的应用进展

Application Progress of Biodegradable Elastomers as Protein and Peptide Drug Delivery Systems

蛋白和多肽药物因其生理活性强,免疫原性低和靶标特异性在癌症、代谢类、心血管类、中枢神经类和自身免疫类疾病治疗方面发挥重要作用,但也因半衰期短,易降解消除等缺点不利于临床应用。可生物降解的弹性体作为安全的药物载体和组织工程支架,因其具有良好的生物相容性、低炎症反应等特性,在局部植入递药以及再生医学领域引起了广泛关注。尤其在蛋白多肽类药物递送领域,弹性体载药工艺能高效地保有蛋白多肽类药物活性,并实现药物的长效、可控释放,因此,被认为是一种蛋白多肽类药物递送的潜在应用平台。文章依据弹性体来源及热力学特性不同,分类综述了不同类型弹性体在蛋白多肽类药物递送领域的应用和优缺点。虽然目前仍存在不易制备纯化(天然)、突释(热塑)和降解缓慢(热固)等问题,但随着生物技术的不断进步,弹性体作为蛋白药物传递载体必将具有更加广阔的前景。

Protein and peptide drugs play an important role in the treatment of cancer, metabolism, cardiovascular, central nervous and autoimmune diseases due to their strong physiological activity, low immunogenicity and target specificity.However, it is not conducive to clinical application due to short half-life, easy degradation and elimination.Biodegradable elastomers, as safe drug carriers and tissue engineering scaffolds, have attracted extensive attention in the field of local drug delivery and regenerative medicine due to their good biocompatibility and low inflammatory response.Especially in the field of protein and peptide drug delivery, elastomer drug carriers can effectively retain the activity of protein and peptide drugs, and achieve a long-term and controlled drug release.Therefore, elastomers are considered as a potential application platform for protein and peptide drug delivery.In this paper, the applications progress of elastomers and their advantages and disadvantages in protein and peptide drug delivery were summarized based on different sources and thermodynamic properties of elastomers.Nowadays, the problems such as preparation and purification(natural source),burst release(thermoplastic type) and slow degradation(thermosetting type) of elastomers are still existed.However, the authors believe that with the development of biotechnology, elastomers as protein and peptides drug delivery systems would have a broader prospect.