纯电动汽车经济性巡航速度规划及控制方法设计

Design of an economical cruise speed planning and control method for pure electric vehicles

为提高纯电动汽车续航里程,提出了一种经济性巡航速度规划及控制方法。根据车辆所处的行驶环境,如跟驰模式或巡航模式,分别提出基于长短期记忆模型(LSTM)的短期车速规划方法和基于遗传算法(GA)的长期车速规划方法。基于分层结构构建经济性巡航控制系统,上层通过构建待优化问题的目标函数并基于遗传算法求解获得规划车速剖面,下层以最优速度曲线作为输入并基于跟踪控制器实现距离控制和速度控制。在Carsim和Simulink联合仿真平台上搭建了纯电动汽车模型和经济性巡航控制系统模型,结果表明:引入速度规划可以在多场景下为车辆提供能量优化后的最优速度曲线,降低电动汽车的能耗并改善出行效率。

In order to improve the driving range of pure electric vehicles,this paper proposes an economical cruise speed planning and control method.According to the driving environment of a vehicle,such as the following mode or the cruise mode,a short-term speed planning method based on long short-term memory(LSTM)and a long-term speed planning method based on genetic algorithm(GA)are proposed respectively.The economical cruise control system is designed based on a hierarchical structure,in which the upper layer obtains the planned speed profile by constructing the objective function of the problem to be optimized and solving it with GA,and the lower layer takes the optimal speed curve as the input and realizes distance control and speed control based on the tracking controllers.The pure electric vehicle model and the economical cruise control system are built on the joint simulation platform of CarSim and Simulink.The research results show that the introduction of speed planning can provide the vehicle with the optimal speed curve after energy optimization in multiple scenarios so as to reduce the energy consumption of electric vehicles and improve travel efficiency.