实验用猫的驯化及繁殖方法初步研究

A Preliminary Study on the Domestication and Breeding Methods of Experimental Cats

目的开展家猫实验动物化的驯化饲养及繁殖,探索实验猫的饲养管理方法和繁殖技术。方法从广州市郊农村引进中华田园猫3窝计7只,建立繁育种子群,按实验动物饲养管理方法进行笼养驯化饲养和封闭繁殖、传代,统计种群繁殖情况、种猫年怀孕次数、产仔季节、仔猫出生和离乳体质量、离乳成活率等数据。结果幼年种猫能适应笼养饲养管理方式。在传代繁殖、扩大种群中,一年怀孕1胎、2胎、3胎的母猫只数占比分别为63.2%、26.3%和10.5%,1~4季度产仔胎数比例分别为20.7%、20.7%、27.6%和31.0%。19只母猫共计怀孕、产仔29胎次,产仔101只,每胎平均产仔(3.5±1.33)只。幼猫离乳成活67只,平均离乳成活率为60.86%。雌、雄猫的出生体质量分别为(89.31±13.69)g和(93.47±15.12)g,离乳体质量分别为(361.62±82.77)g和(376.0±91.71)g。结论家养中华田园猫能适应实验动物化饲养、繁殖方式,繁殖力较强,一年四季能正常怀孕、产仔;幼猫生长到5~6月龄时能够满足药品降压物质检查对猫的体质量要求,可被用作来源清楚的药品检验用实验猫。

Objective Focused on the laboratory animal domestication and breeding of domestic cats,to explore the feeding management methods and breeding techniques of experimental cats.Methods Seven Chinese garden cats from three litters were introduced from the rural suburbs of Guangzhou,and a breeding seed colony was established.The cats were domesticated in captivity,bred,closed breeding and transmission according to the feeding and management methods of laboratory animal.The population reproduction,the number of pregnancies per year,the litter season,the birth and weaning quality of the cats,and the survival rate of weaning were statistically collected.Results The young breeding cats were able to adapt to the cage feeding management.In the transmission breeding and the expanded breeding colony,the number of female cats pregnant with one,two or three litters a year accounted for 63.2%,26.3%and 10.5%,respectively.The proportions of litters born from the 1st to the 4th quarters were 20.7%,20.7%,27.6%,and 31.0%.A total of 29 pregnancies and 101 kittens were got from 19 female cats,with an average of(3.5±1.33)kittens per litter.The birth weights of female and male cats were(89.31±13.69)g and(93.47±15.12)g,respectively.Sixty-seven kittens survived from weaning.The average survival rate was 60.86%,and the weaning weights of female and male cats were(361.62±82.77)g and(376.0±91.71)g,respectively.Conclusion Domestic Chinese garden cats can adapt to laboratory animal feeding and breeding rules,and have strong fertility.They can normally pregnant and breeding throughout the year.The kittens grow to 5-6 months of age can meet the weight requirements for the examination of pharmaceutical hypotensive substances,and can be used as experimental cats for pharmaceutical examination with clear origin.