崇儒视域下的书院“庙学化”

Research on the“Temple Schooling”of Academies from the Perspective of Confucianism Worship

书院自成为一种重要的教育教学机构,便开启官学化的发展历程。尤其在崇儒的视域下,为维护政统、彰显道统和赓续学统,书院又行走在“庙学化”的道路上,通过对官学中庙学礼制的因袭与创新,将祭祀空间与教学空间予以合理建构,呈现出“完全庙学化”和“不完全庙学化”两种相关联的教育形态,既为书院赢得更大的发展空间,又促使书院努力践行“成圣成贤”教育目标及树牢书院人儒教文化信仰的神圣使命,所形成的书院庙学文化又深刻影响到韩国、日本等中国周边诸多国家和地区。

Since the academy became an important educational institution,it started the development process of official schooling.Especially in the perspective of Confucianism,in order to maintain the political system,highlight the traditional and continuous learning,the academy also walked on the road of“temple schooling”.Through the inheritance and innovation of the temple school ritual system in the official school,the sacrificial space and teaching space were rationally constructed,showing two related educational forms of“complete temple schooling”and“incomplete temple schooling”,which not only won huge development space for the academy,but also urged the academy to strive to implement the educational goal of“becoming saints and sages”and the sacred mission of academy people’s Confucian cultural beliefs.The academy temple culture formed has profoundly affected many countries and regions around China,such as South Korea and Japan.