星载有源相控阵天线热控技术研究进展

Development of thermal management technologies for spaceborne active phased array antennas

分析了近年来国内外星载有源相控阵天线热控相关技术的研究现状与发展趋势,包括导热、非分离式热管、毛细泵驱回路热管、相变储能技术、单相泵驱流体回路、两相泵驱流体回路、微通道冷却及射流冲击冷却等先进热控技术.结合对国外其他航天器热控系统的相关创新性技术和设计的综述,对比指出目前我国在一些关键技术方面与国外先进技术水平的差距;同时,考虑航天器在空间特殊应用环境下热管理过程的热量收集、传输和排散环节,分析热控系统整体化设计过程,提出了星载有源相控阵天线热控技术的未来主要发展方向,包括两相泵驱流体回路关键技术突破、新型高效主被动复合式热控架构探索及新型热控技术与辐射器设计相结合等,可为未来我国新一代星载有源相控阵天线的散热方案研究提供参考.

The recent research status and future developing trend of thermal management technologies for spaceborne active phased array antennas were reviewed,including the technologies of structural heat conduction,separate heat pipes,capillary pumped loop heat pipes,phase change energy storage,single-phase and two-phase mechanically pumped fluid loop,microchannel cooling and jet impingement cooling,etc.The research gap in our country was indicated while demonstrating the recently innovative technologies and designs for spacecraft thermal management systems.Furthermore,considering the heat acquisition,heat transfer and heat removal processes under space environments,the development of integrated design methodology for thermal management systems was reviewed.Meanwhile,the main developing direction of domestic thermal management technologies for spaceborne active phased array antennas was proposed,focusing on the breakthrough of key techniques of two-phase mechanical pumped fluid loop,exploration of novel efficient hybrid thermal management scheme and combination of novel thermal management technologies with radiator optimization,etc,which aims to provide guidance to domestic researchers for their future studying on the heat dissipation schemes applying to the next-generation spaceborne active phased array antennas.