植物ARF家族小G蛋白研究进展及大豆ARF家族初步分析

Research progress of small G-proteins in plant ARF family and preliminary analysis of soybean ARF family

ARF (ADP-ribosylation factor)家族蛋白是最先报道的一类小G蛋白,其结构和功能十分保守,在囊泡运输及信号转导过程中是重要的分子开关。目前植物ARF家族功能研究远落后于哺乳动物及酵母。植物细胞缺少动物细胞中的内质网和高尔基体中间体结构,致使植物细胞中ARF蛋白介导的囊泡运输具有植物特异性,植物ARF蛋白更加丰富和多样化。本文对植物ARF家族蛋白在响应生物及非生物胁迫、参与种子休眠与萌发以及调控雄性育性生理功能方面进行总结,并系统归纳ARF家族蛋白介导囊泡形成和出芽的分子机制,同时对大豆(Glycine max)这一重要经济作物的ARF蛋白进行鉴定和分类,并根据其基因表达模式对大豆部分ARF蛋白进行功能预测,为深入解析ARF家族蛋白在植物囊泡运输和信号转导途径中的角色和功能提供理论支持。

ARF(ADP-ribosylation factor) family proteins are a group of first reported small G-proteins, acting as important molecular switches during vesicle trafficking and signal transduction. At present, the studies on plant ARF family proteins are far behind those in mammals and yeast, although ARF proteins are highly conserved. Plant ARF family proteins are more abundant and diverse. In addition, plant cells lack an ER-Golgi intermediate compartment as observed in animal cells, making the vesicle trafficking slightly different in plant cells compared to that in animal cells. In this review, we summarize the physiological functions of plant ARF family proteins in responding to biotic and abiotic stresses, seed dormancy and germination, and controlling of male fertility. We also systematically discuss their possible molecular mechanisms in regulating vesicle formation and budding. Moreover, the ARF proteins in soybean, one of the important economic crops, are identified and classified, and the functions of some soybean(Glycine max) ARF proteins are speculated based on their gene expression patterns, providing insights for their future in-depth analyses mediating vesicle trafficking and signal transduction.