月季可育花粉离体诱导研究

In vitro induction of fertile pollen of Rosa chinensis

月季(Rosa chinensis)是世界四大切花之一,具有极高的观赏价值、经济价值及生态价值。然而,月季杂合度高,杂交育种难度大。本研究以月季枝条为起始外植体开展其不定芽高频同步诱导、伸长、生殖转换、瓶里开花等研究,建立可育花粉离体诱导体系。结果表明, MS+2.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.2 mg·L^(-1)NAA为最佳初步同步化不定芽诱导配方;高频同步诱导的最佳配方为MS+1.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L^(-1)NAA+0.5 mg·L^(-1)KT,高频同步率为87.41%,平均芽数为13.94个;MS+0.3 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.03 mg·L^(-1)NAA为最佳伸长配方;2/3MS+1.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L^(-1)NAA+0.5 mg·L^(-1)ABA+0.1 g·L^(-1)KH_(2)PO_(4)培养基上培养4周,生殖转换效果最佳,现蕾率54.44%。MS+1.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L^(-1)NAA+5.0 mg·L^(-1)H_(3)BO_(3)+40g·L^(-1)蔗糖为诱导月季开花与产生可育花粉的最适培养基,开花时间最早,花粉活力最高。

Rosa chinensis is one of the four major cut flowers in the world, with extremely high ornamental value, economic value and ecological value. However, roses are highly heterozygous, and cross breeding is difficult. In this study, the rose branches were used as the starting explants to carry out researches on the high-frequency synchronous induction of adventitious buds, elongation, reproductive transformation, and flowering in a bottle, and established a fertile pollen in vitro induction system. The results showed that MS+2.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA +0.2 mg·L^(-1)NAA was the best preliminary synchronization adventitious bud induction medium;the best formula for high-frequency synchronization induction was MS+1.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.1mg·L^(-1)NAA+0.5 mg·L^(-1)KT, the high frequency synchronization rate was 87.41%, and the average number of buds was 13.94;MS+0.3 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.03 mg·L^(-1)NAA was the best extension medium. 2/3MS+1.0mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L^(-1)NAA+0.5 mg·L^(-1)ABA+0.1 g·L^(-1)KH_(2)PO_(4) culture medium for 4 weeks showed the best reproductive conversion effect, and the budding rate was 54.44%. MS+1.0 mg·L^(-1)6-BA+0.1 mg·L^(-1)NAA+5 mg·L^(-1)H_(3)BO_(3)+40 g·L^(-1)sucrose was the most suitable medium for inducing rose flowering and producing fertile pollen, with the earliest flowering time and the highest pollen vigor.