青岛市医养结合机构高龄老年人自评健康状况与生活方式的相关性研究

Study on Correlation Between Self-rated Health Status and Life Style of the Oldest-old in Integrated Medical Treatment and Care Institutions in Qingdao

目的:了解青岛市医养结合机构高龄老年人自评健康状况,探讨不同生活方式对高龄老年人自评健康影响情况,为相关研究提供参考。方法:采用分层随机抽样方法,利用自制问卷在青岛市7个区抽取43家医养结合机构1090名高龄老年人进行问卷调查。结果:1090名高龄老年人中,有357人(32.75%)表示自评健康状况为健康,733人(67.25%)表示自评健康状况为不健康。Logistic回归分析结果显示,每天饮酒、不进行锻炼、有焦虑抑郁感、对人际关系感到不满意的老年人自评健康状况较差;在婚的高龄老年人自评健康状况较好。结论:饮酒、体育锻炼、焦虑抑郁感、人际关系等生活方式相关因素与高龄老年人自评健康相关。应关注影响高龄老年人健康的生活方式因素,提升高龄老年人健康素养,保障高龄老年人身体健康水平。

Objective: To investigate the self-rated health status of the oldest-old in integrated medical treatment and care institutions in Qingdao, to explore the influence of different life styles on the self-rated health of the oldest-old, so as to provide references for relevant study. Methods: A total of 1090 oldest-old from 43 integrated medical treatment and care institutions were selected from 7 districts of Qingdao by stratified random sampling method with a self-designed questionnaire. Results: Among 1090 oldest-old, 357(32.75%) of them said that their self-rated health status was healthy, and 733(67.25%) of them said that their self-rated health status was unhealthy. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that the oldest-old who drank alcohol every day, did not take exercise, felt anxious and depressed, and were not satisfied with interpersonal relationships had poor self-rated health status. The oldest-old who got married rated their health as better. Conclusion: Drinking, physical exercise, anxiety and depression, interpersonal relationship and other life style related factors are related to self-rated health of the oldest-old. We should pay attention to the lifestyle factors that affect the health of the oldest-old, improve the health literacy, protect the health level of the oldest-old.