跨行政区旅游目的地的典型开发模式与协同发展经验——基于合作成熟度视角

Typical development mode and collaborative development experience of cross-regional tourist destinations:A collaboration maturity perspective

各自为政的“属地管理”模式难以满足跨行政区旅游目的地的发展诉求和游客消费需求。本研究以“案例选取-模式总结-发展建议”为研究主线,从合作成熟度角度,选取3个处于不同合作阶段的跨行政区的景区级旅游目的地进行分析,分别是处于成熟合作阶段的黄河壶口瀑布旅游区,开发模式为政府主导下的跨区域多元合作;处于破局起步阶段的武功山景区,开发模式为人大立法保障下的企业统一运作;处于尚待突破阶段的天堂寨景区,开发模式为浅层合作下的相互独立运营。研究还发现,成熟的跨行政区旅游目的地开发需要更高行政级别政府的顶层设计;大型战略项目驱动会显著增强区域间的合作意愿;区域协同立法是跨行政区旅游目的地协同发展的创新手段;统一的品牌宣传和现代化的管理方式则有助于旅游目的地的成熟化发展。

The fragmented“territorial management”mode is difficult to meet the development demands of cross-regional tourist destinations and the consumption demands of tourists.Adopting the research line of“case selection, mode summary and development suggestion”and the perspective of collaboration maturity, this paper selects three interregional tourism destinations in different stages of cooperation for analysis, and summarizes their development modes, specific measures and development experience. The results show that: The Hukou Waterfall tourist area of the Yellow River is the first successful cross-regional joint creation of 5A scenic spot in China, which belongs to the mature collaboration stage with a governmentled multi-regional development mode. Wugong Mountain scenic spot is the first scenic spot in China to solve the problem of “one mountain, three governance modes”through coordinated legislation. It is located in the initiative stage, with a legislative-guaranteed and enterprise-unified-operation development mode. However, the cross-regional collaborative development of the Tiantangzhai scenic spot still remains undeveloped, and its development mode implies a mutual independent operation and superficial collaboration. The research also found that the development of mature cross-regional tourist destinations needs the top-level design of higher administrative level government;large strategic project significantly strengthens the regional cooperation willingness;regional cooperative legislation is an innovative means of collaborative development. Unified brand publicity and modern management are conducive to the mature development of tourist destinations.