拉格的社会科课程思想:背景、内容及其特点

Rugg’s Theory of Social Studies: Backdrop, Content and Features

拉格是美国社会科课程的奠基者,其基于社会重建的社会科课程思想和广泛发行的拉格教科书给刚成型的美国社会科课程带来了全新的发展前景。拉格的社会科课程思想体现在以培养学生的批判意识与行动能力为目标、以学科综合与科学性和趣味性的统一为课程编制原则、以社会问题的呈现为课程内容重点、以教科书为课程思想传递的载体四个方面,同时呈现出保守与进步的博弈、儿童兴趣与社会需要的调和、教科书作为课程改革载体的优势和限度并存这三个突出特点。透视拉格的社会科课程思想,不仅有助于把握美国社会科课程的深层脉动,于我国的中小学人文社会科学课程改革也有助益。

As the founder of the American social studies, Rugg’s theory of social studies, based on social reconstruction, and his widely distributed textbooks have brought brand new development prospects to the American social studies. Rugg’s social science curriculum thinking is reflected in the goal of cultivating students’ critical awareness and action ability, the principle of curriculum development based on the unity of subject synthesis and scientific and interesting, the presentation of social issues as the focus of curriculum content, and the textbook as the basis. The four aspects of the carrier of curriculum thought show three prominent features: the game between conservative and progressive, the harmony between children’s interests and social needs, and the coexistence of advantages and limitations of textbooks as the carrier of curriculum reform. A perspective on Rugg’s social science curriculum thought is not only helpful to grasp the deep pulse of American social science curriculum, but also helpful to the reform of humanities and social science curriculum in primary and secondary schools in China.