我国职业教育基本定位政策演进研究

Research on the Evolution of Basic Orientation Policy of Vocational Education in China

通过梳理中华人民共和国成立以来的职业教育政策,发现我国职业教育基本定位政策的发展大致经历了普职并举下的模糊定位、层次化凸显的摇摆定位、类型化发展的明确定位三个阶段。在不断的探索中,我国职业教育的定位方向逐步由教育层次转变为教育类型。分别从历史制度主义的结构观与历史观出发,通过分析中华人民共和国成立以来的有关政策,发现我国职业教育基本定位政策演进的决定性因素是我国经济体制的调整,诱致性因素为主体利益因素与社会观念;路径依赖和“关键节点”对我国职业教育基本定位政策变迁也产生了深刻影响。展望未来,应遵循职业教育类型定位内在要求,用完善的政策体系与有效的行动方案,为构建我国现代职业教育体系提供有力支持。

By combing the vocational education policy since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, it is found that the development of the basic positioning policy of vocational education in my country has roughly experienced three stages: the vague positioning of general vocational education, the swinging positioning of hierarchical and prominent, and the clear positioning of typed development. In the continuous exploration, the positioning direction of my country’s vocational education has gradually changed from the level of education to the type of education. Starting from the structural view and historical view of historical institutionalism, by analyzing the relevant policies since the founding of the People’s Republic of China, it is found that the decisive factor in the evolution of my country’s vocational education basic positioning policy is the adjustment of my country’s economic system, and the inducing factor is the main interest factor and social concept;path dependence and “key node” have a profound influence on the change of vocational education. Looking forward to the future, we should follow the internal requirements of vocational education type orientation to provide a solid support for the construction of a modern vocational education system in China with a perfect policy system and effective action plan.