土地经营权出租人解除权行使规则构造

Construction of Rules for the Exercise of Rescission on Land Management Right by Lessors

在“三权分置”改革背景下,租赁已成为农地流转的重要方式之一,但规模化流转实践表明农地租约具有异于普通租赁合同的诸多特殊性。农地租约出租人行使解除权的核心要义是致使“不能实现合同目的”,同时解除事由的规范基础需要遵循“特别法优于一般法”的适用次序。在农地租约出租人解除权行使时,需要对催告解除中合理期限、解除时间予以适农性改造,并且承认规模化流转中出租人解除权行使的不可分性,以便较好地维护农地租赁市场的稳定。在农地租约解除权行使的法律效果方面,应重点关注恢复土地原状的具体方式,尤其是对于农地添附物的处置应当符合绿色原则要求。

Under the background of the reform of “Three Rights Division”, leasing has been one of the important ways of farmland transfer, but the practice of large-scale transfer of agricultural land lease shows that it has many particularities different from ordinary lease contracts. The core meaning of the lessor exercising the right of rescinding the agricultural land lease is that “failure of achievement of the contract purpose”, and the normative basis of its rescission should be the application order of “the special law is superior to the general law”. When the lessor exercises the right of rescinding the agricultural land lease, it is necessary to modify the reasonable period of request for recission and the time of rescission, and recognize the inseparability of the lessor’s exercise of the right to rescind in large-scale circulation, so as to better maintain the stability of the agricultural land lease market. In terms of the legal effect of the exercise of the right to rescind the lease of the agricultural land lease, it should focus on the specific way to the restoration of contiguous land, and the disposal of agricultural accessio possessionis especially should conform to the green principle. As for the lessee’s liability for damages, it should include the lessor’s lost and reaped interests of rescinding the agricultural land lease, but it should be limited within the reasonable range.