浅析福州现代漆塑造型风格的流变

On the evolution of modern lacquer model style in Fuzhou

福州漆塑是福州漆艺的重要组成部分,其发展源于魏晋南北朝时期,清末民初沈绍安家族把漆塑工艺推向历史发展的巅峰。解放后漆塑工艺进一步推陈出新,涌现斑纹填漆磨显等众多新技法,上世纪80年代福州漆塑一度成为出口创汇的重要来源,但受上世纪90年代经济体制转型,民俗文化的淡化等多方面的影响一度衰微,近些年,随着政府部门对非物质文化遗产的扶植,福州漆塑以崭新的状态焕发新机。在当代艺术创作观念的影响下,在漆艺和雕塑两种艺术形态的交融下,漆塑的造型日趋简约。从福州漆塑造型风格的变迁中,我们可以窥视到其发展中的一些路径,通过对这方面的梳理,相信能对福州漆塑未来的发展提供一定的借鉴作用。

Fuzhou lacquer model is an important part of Fuzhou lacquer art which originated from the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties and reached highest level in its historical development by Shen Shao’an family in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China. After founding of People’s Republic of China, many new techniques, such as lacquer filling and polishing display had emerged which directly made Fuzhou lacquer model became an important source of foreign exchange earnings for exports in 1980s. However, in the 1990s, Fuzhou lacquer model was affected by many factors like the transformation of the economic system, the downplaying of the folk culture, but it has been revitalized in recent years with the support of government for intangible cultural heritage. Under the influence of the concept of contemporary art creation, and integration of the two artistic forms of lacquer art and sculpture, the shape of lacquer model becoms more and more brief. From the change of the shaping style of Fuzhou lacquer model, we can learn the paths of its development. By combing this aspect, we believe it can provide certain reference for the future development of Fuzhou lacquer model.