“有^NG^XG”类存在句的功能分析

A Functional Analysis of the Existential Clause of “you ^ NG ^ XG”

存在型强势主位结构概念是在系统功能语法基础上提出的,文章基于这一概念,考察现代汉语“有^NG^XG”类存在句。句首“有”具有多功能特征,但其经验意义较弱,语篇意义更凸显,是主位加强成分。在此基础上,将“有^NG^XG”类存在句界定为存在型强势主位结构,该功能术语体现了这类存在句的鲜明特征。相关功能句法分析也表明这类存在句的主要功能是凸显作为强势主位的存在实体,并对其述说。在语篇层面与无定名词主语句比较,也进一步揭示了这类存在句的语义特征及与无定名词主语句的差异。

This article aims at a functional analysis of the existential clause of the pattern “you ^ NG ^XG” in Modern Chinese within the framework of Systemic Functional Grammar(SFG). It is found that the clause initial you is multifunctional and its textual function is more prominent than other functions.On this basis we propose that the pattern “you ^ NG ^ XG” is a kind of Existential Enhanced Theme Construction and it serves to highlight the enhanced Theme. Furthermore, the SFG analysis helps bring out the semantic features of Chinese Existential Enhanced Theme Construction and its differences from clause with indefinite subject at the discourse level.