格特鲁德·斯泰因:游走在历史中的现代主义践行者——以《美国人的成长》为例

格特鲁德·斯泰因的形式创新通常被认为是“超越历史”的尝试,但本文认为,斯泰因研究历史是为了发展写作实践,这些实践可以重塑过去,并为无限的未来服务。其代表作《美国人的成长》包含了其具有代表性的写作策略,旨在挑战历史和文学的权威与惯例。她总是在试图构建“永远在不停变换的时间与空间”,其中空间和时间的层次结构被暂停,人类的性格特质被在同一节点内完全再现,尤其在《美国人的成长》这部作品中,她充分运用模仿来创造历史新维度的体验。斯泰因的创作特点是自由的一种体现,她使读者的期待不再局域于传统框架式的结构主义模式之中,为我们开辟了一条用“另一套词汇”去思索世界与阅读文本的途径,是现代主义阐释世界的一种新模式。

Gertrude Stein’s writing genre innovations are often regarded as attempts to“transcend history”,but this paper argues that Stein studies history in order to develop writing practices that can serve an infinite future and reshape the past.His masterpiece,The Making of Americans,constitutes a representative writing strategy aimed at challenging the authority and convention of history and literature.Stein is always trying to construct this“ever-changing time and space”,in which the hierarchy of space and time is suspended and the human character is fully represented in the same node,which shows that Stein makes full use of imitation to create the experience of history in The Making of Americans.Stein’s creation is an embodiment of freedom.She makes readers’expectation no longer confined in the traditional framework of structuralist model,and opens up a new way for the reader to think about the world and read texts with“another set of vocabulary”.It is a new model of modernism to interpret the world.