新型固化剂加固膨胀土研究现状及展望

Research Situation and Prospect of Expansive Soil Solidified by New Soil Stabilizer

膨胀土具有遇水膨胀软化、失水干缩硬裂的不良工程性质,物理化学加固是膨胀土地区基础处理研究领域的重要课题,膨胀土固化研究对解决膨胀土工程病害有重要理论价值和广阔应用前景。为了系统分析化学材料对膨胀土物理力学特性的影响,探讨其加固机理,本文总结了目前已被证明能有效改善膨胀土工程特性的多种固化剂,并按照化学组成将其分为无机类、有机类和生物类,分别对其物质组成、加固机理、固化效果和应用现状展开详细阐述。然后总结分析已有研究成果,提出今后膨胀土加固研究需侧重以下方面:(1)紧密结合工程实际,加强固化膨胀土物理力学特性和耐久性研究;(2)探索组合型固化剂,以降低成本,增强加固效果;(3)重视学科交叉,深化固化剂加固基础理论研究。

Expansive soils have the undesirable engineering properties of expansive softening in water and dry shrinkage and hard cracking after water loss. Physicochemical stabilization is an important topic in the field of foundation treatment research in expansive soil areas, and the research on the stabilization of expansive soils has important theoretical value and broad application prospects for solving engineering diseases in expansive soil area. In order to systematically analyze the effects of chemical materials on the physical and mechanical properties of expansive soils and to explore their reinforcement mechanisms, this paper summarizes a variety of soil stabilizers that have been proven to be effective in improving the engineering properties of expansive soils, and divides them into inorganic, organic and biological categories according to their chemical composition, and their material composition, stabilization mechanism, solidified effect and application status are described in detail. Summarizing and analyzing the existing research results, it is proposed that future research on the reinforcement of expansive soils should also focus on the following aspects:(i) strengthening the research on the physical and mechanical properties and durability of solidified expansive soils by closely combining with engineering practice;(ii) exploring combined soil stabilizer to reduce costs and improve the reinforcement effect;(iii) attaching importance to interdisciplinary research and deepening the basic theory of soil stabilizers.