胶原基复合止血材料的研究进展及展望

Research Progress and Development Direction of Collagen-based Composite Hemostatic Materials

胶原蛋白可用于多种止血场景,并凭借优越的性能和易于获取的特点逐渐取代传统止血材料。然而,不同剂型的胶原止血剂都存在各自的缺陷,如力学性能差、粘附性差等。虽然提纯或交联改性胶原能在一定程度上获得改善,但作用有限,临床应用仍深受限制。天然生物及其衍生物材料是来源丰富的止血剂,具有生物相容性和良好的吸收和降解性能。广泛使用的材料包括壳聚糖、纤维蛋白胶、藻酸盐和氧化纤维素,以及近年来逐渐受到重视的传统中药材。因此,胶原蛋白与天然生物及其衍生物材料交联而成的胶原蛋白基复合止血材料,有望成为极具前景的生物医用止血材料。本文综述了不同类型胶原基复合止血材料的研究进展,总结了各自的优缺点,最后对胶原基复合止血材料的未来发展方向进行了探讨。

Collagen can be used in various hemostatic scenarios and has gradually replaced traditional hemostatic materials due to its superior perfor-mance and easy procurement from animals. However, regardless of form, collagen hemostatic agents have disadvantages such as poor mechanical properties and weak adhesion. Although purifying or modifying the cross-linking agent of such hemostatic agents can improve their performance to some extent, their fundamental structure has not been effectively changed, limiting clinical application. Natural biomaterials or their derivatives are rich sources of biocompatible hemostatic agents with sound absorption and degradation properties. Collagen-based composite hemostatic materials formed by cross-linking collagen with natural biomaterials or derivatives show significantly improved performances and have become valuable biomedical materials. The widely used materials for this purpose include chitosan, fibrin glue, alginate, and oxidized cellulose. Additionally, the application of traditional Chinese medicinal materials has gradually gained attention in recent years. This article reviews the research progress on different types of collagen-based hemostatic materials and summarizes their respective advantages and disadvantages. Finally, the future direction of developing of collagen-based composite hemostatic materials is discussed.