体外胚胎生产技术在国内肉羊快繁中的应用分析

Analysis on the application of in vitro embryo production in intensive propagation of mutton sheep in China

为了进一步提升活体采卵和体外受精技术(OPU-IVF)在肉羊商业化快繁的作用,明确今后研发方向和商业化模式,本研究以国内代表性体外胚胎工厂化生产基地为对象,对2019—2021年基地肉羊体外胚胎生产的部分数据和应用效果及其与高校、科研院所的产学研合作情况进行了分析与总结。结果表明:2019—2021年黑头萨福克、黑头杜泊等优质品种肉羊胚胎生产规模持续扩大,生产效率明显提升;不同品种之间的采卵效率、卵子受精后的发育效率差异明显;腹腔镜法的整体效率比手术法更具优势,并可缩短采卵间隔,从而提高体外胚胎生产效率。以上结果说明,通过技术研发,近年来国内肉羊体外胚胎生产规模和技术水平发展迅速,使我国在国际上率先实现了肉羊OPU-IVF技术的大规模商业应用。

To further enhance the commercial use of ovum pick-up and in vitro fertilization(OPU-IVF)technology in accelerating intensive propagation of mutton sheep,and clarify the directions of future research and commercial operation,we summarized and analyzed the field data and outcomes of OPU-IVF in a representative industrial production base of in vitro embryo in China from 2019—2021,as well as its joint research and development program with universities and institutes.Analysis results showed a sustained increase in the production scale and efficiency of IVF embryos of genetically superior breeds,i.e.,Suffolk,Dorper sheep.The OPU efficiency and developmental rate following IVF were largely variable among different breeds.In addition,laparoscopic OPU is more effective than surgical method in oocyte retrieval,and can shorten OPU time intervals,thus enhancing the efficiency of IVF embryo production.Collectively,our analyses indicated that production scale and efficiency of IVF embryo production have developed rapidly during past several years through research and development of relevant technologies.Based on these efforts,we have firstly achieved commercial use of OPU-IVF in mutton sheep in the world.