公共服务、居住证制度与农业转移人口消费

Public Services, Residence Permit System and Consumption of Rural-Urban Migrants

农业转移人口消费水平的提升是中国经济增长内循环的重要动力。本文基于2017年流动人口动态监测数据和288个地级市统计数据,从居住证视角探究公共服务可及性对农业转移人口消费水平的影响,得出以下结论:公共服务可及是促进我国农业转移人口的消费水平提升的重要因素,该结论在进行内生性处理和稳健性检验之后依然成立。机制分析表明,居住证通过提升农业转移人口的社会融入度和产生收入效应间接促进农业转移人口的消费行为。个体异质性分析表明,在整体层面上,居住证对城-城流动人口的消费促进作用大于农业转移人口,按照年龄细分后的中老年农业转移人口的消费潜力则更大。区域异质性分析显示,居住证对农业转移人口的消费促进作用存在自西向东逐渐增强的趋势。此外,跨省、独自流动的农业转移人口消费行为更易受到公共服务可及性影响。

The improvement of the consumption level of rural-urban migrants is an important driving force for the internal cycle of China’s economic growth. Based on the data of the China Migrants Dynamic Survey in 2017and the city-level statistics in 288 cities, this paper uses OLS and PSM method to explore the impact of basic public service accessibility on the consumption level of rural-urban migrants from the perspective of residence permits. The results show that: Equal access to public services is an important factor to promote the consumption level of rural-urban migrants. This conclusion is still valid after endogenous treatment and robustness test.The mechanism analysis shows that residence permits indirectly promote the consumption behavior of rural-urban migrants by enhancing their social integration and income levels. The analysis of individual heterogeneity shows that, on the whole level, the promotion effect of residence permit on the consumption of urban-to-urban floating population is greater than that of rural-urban migrants, and the consumption potential of middle-aged and elderly rural-urban migrants is greater after subdividing by age. Regional heterogeneity analysis shows that the promotion effect of residence permit on the consumption of rural-urban migrants gradually increases from west to east. In addition, the consumption level of inter-provincial and independent rural-urban migrants is more affected by equal access to public services.