河南省308份小麦新品系的茎基腐病抗性评价

Evaluation on Resistance of 308 Wheat Lines to Crown Rot in Henan Province

为给河南省抗茎基腐病品种合理布局提供品种支撑,以河南省小麦茎基腐病的高致病力假禾谷镰孢菌菌株PY20-20为接种物,对参加河南省主要区域试验的308个小麦新品系进行苗期抗病鉴定。结果发现,供试品系中,95.7%的品系表现为高感(病情指数大于30.00),仅1.95%的品系表现为中抗(病情指数在10.01~20.00之间),3.25%的品系表现为中感(病情指数在20.01~30.00之间),无免疫和高抗品种,表明参加河南省小麦区域试验的新品系对小麦茎基腐病的整体抗性水平较低。为获得茎基腐病抗性稳定的品系,对苗期表现为中抗和中感的品系进行了2次重复验证,发现6个中抗品系(西农1125、郑麦9134、中研麦906、阜麦1008、泰禾麦6号和民研186)和4个中感品系(徐麦14017、周麦36、新麦9389和囤麦257)的抗性水平较为稳定。进一步对6个中抗品系进行成株期抗性鉴定,发现这些品系的病情指数在12.67~15.50之间,成株期对小麦茎基腐病的抗性也达到了中抗水平。综上,西农1125、郑麦9134、中研麦906、阜麦1008、泰禾麦6号和民研186这6个中抗茎基腐病的品系可以在小麦生产中布局,建立屏障,减少小麦茎基腐病对小麦产量的损失。

In order to provide variety support for the rational distribution of crown rot resistant varieties in Henan Province, 308 new wheat lines participating in the main regional trials were identified for their resistance using the highly virulent Fusarium pseudograminearum strain PY20-20 as the inoculum at seedling stage. The results showed that 95.7% of the tested lines showed high susceptibility(disease index higher than 30.00);only 1.95% of the lines were moderately resistant(disease index ranging from 10.01 to 20.00);3.25% of the lines were moderately susceptible(disease index ranging from 20.01 to 30.00);there were no immune or high resistance varieties, indicating that the overall resistance level of the experimental lines in Henan Province was low. In order to obtain stable crown rot resistance lines, the moderate resistance lines and moderately susceptible lines were verified twice, and the results showed that six moderately resistant lines(Xinong 1125,Zhengmai 9134,Zhongyanmai 906,Fumai 1008,Taihemai 6 and Minyan 186) and four moderately susceptible lines(Xumai 14017,Zhoumai 36,Xinmai 9389 and Tunmai 257) performed stable resistance levels. The resistance of six moderately resistant lines were further identified at adult stage, and the results found that the disease index of them ranged from 12.67 to 15.50,and their resistance to crown rot reached the moderately resistant level.In conclusion, Xinong 1125,Zhengmai 9134,Zhongyanmai 906,Fumai 1008,Taihemai 6 and Minyan 186,which were moderately resistant to crown rot, can be placed in wheat production to establish barriers to reduce the loss of wheat yield caused by crown rot.