爱国统一战线功能的宪法学探析

Analysis on the Function of the Patriotic United Front from a Constitutional Perspective

爱国统一战线为国家统一、社会进步奠定了坚实的群众基础,发挥着独特作用。随着国际形势的复杂化以及大国关系的紧张化,爱国统一战线在新的时代背景下有必要通过功能重塑挖掘其当代价值。在不同历史时期,爱国统一战线兼具时代功能并发挥着“团结一切可以团结的力量”这一核心功能,本质上属于特定的社会共识。宪法序言第十自然段的规定代表了人民意志对爱国统一战线的认可,具有宪法上的正当性。促进达成国家认同是发挥爱国统一战线功能的具体路径之一,也是爱国统一战线的运行机制所在。国家认同包括国内和国际两个面向,爱国统一战线的功能重塑需要国内与国际的双重推动,具体体现在增进宪法认同、完善制度建设、协同海内外力量三个方面。

The patriotic united front has laid a solid mass foundation for national unification and social progress, playing a unique role. As the international situation becomes more complicated and the relations between major powers become more tense, it is necessary for the patriotic united front to explore its contemporary value through functional reshaping in the new era. In different historical periods, the patriotic united front has served the function of the times and played the core function of “uniting all the forces that can be united”,which is essentially a specific social consensus. The provisions of the tenth paragraph of the preamble of the Constitution represent the recognition of the patriotic united front by the people’s will, which has constitutional legitimacy. Promoting the achievement of national identity is one of the specific paths to play the role of the patriotic united front, and is also the operating mechanism of the patriotic united front. National identity includes both domestic and international aspects. The reconstruction of the function of the patriotic united front requires both domestic and international promotion, which is specifically reflected in three aspects: enhancing constitutional recognition, improving institutional construction, and coordinating forces at home and abroad.