西安地区建档建册孕妇高危因素及妊娠结局调查

Investigation on high-risk factors and pregnancy outcomes of registered pregnant women in Xi'an

目的调查西安市建档建册孕妇高危因素及不良妊娠结局,并分析影响不良妊娠结局的相关因素。方法以2020年1月至2022年1月西安市某医院产科建档建册的孕妇为研究对象,根据高危妊娠情况对建档建册孕妇进行高危妊娠风险评估,并跟踪妊娠结局,分析基本情况以及高危因素对不良妊娠结局的影响。结果本研究共纳入建档建册孕妇6332名,其中1508例高危妊娠者,占29.97%。高危因素分布依次为异常妊娠史(43.63%)、妊娠高血压(33.69%)、年龄≥35岁(26.86%)、妊娠糖尿病(19.83%)、瘢痕子宫(13.59%)、产前出血(12.86%)、前置胎盘(8.55%)。6332名孕妇中发生不良妊娠结局452例,占7.14%。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥35岁(OR=1.581)、孕前BMI≥28.0 kg/m2(OR=1.432)、异常妊娠史(OR=2.121)、产前出血(OR=1.464)、前置胎盘(OR=1.766)、高危妊娠因素数量(OR=2.667)和妊娠风险等级(OR=3.367)是建档建册孕妇不良妊娠结局发生的独立影响因素。结论高危妊娠相关因素是影响建档建册孕妇发生不良妊娠结局的主要危险因素,应重视对高危妊娠孕妇的健康管理,及时采取相应的干预措施,以期改善妊娠结局。

Objective To investigate the high-risk factors and adverse pregnancy outcomes of registered pregnant women in Xi‘an City,and analyze the related factors affecting the adverse pregnancy outcomes.Methods The pregnant women who were registered in the obstetrics department of a hospital in Xi'an City from January 2020 to January 2022 were selected.The risk assessment of high-risk pregnancy was carried out according to the high-risk pregnancy situation,and the pregnancy outcome was tracked to analyze the basic situation and the influence of high-risk factors on the adverse pregnancy outcomes.Results A total of 6332 registered pregnant women were included in the study,including 1508 high-risk pregnancies,accounting for 29.97%.The high-risk factors were abnormal pregnancy history(43.63%),gestational hypertension(33.69%),age≥35 years old(26.86%),gestational diabetes(19.83%),cicatricial uterus(13.59%),prenatal hemorrhage(12.86%),and placenta previa(8.55%).Adverse pregnancy outcomes occurred in 452 of 6332 pregnant women,accounting for 7.14%.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age≥35 years old(OR=1.581),pre-pregnancy body mass index≥28.0 kg/m2(OR=1.432),abnormal pregnancy history(OR=2.121),prenatal hemorrhage(OR=1.464),placenta previa(OR=1.766),number of high-risk pregnancy factors(OR=2.667),and pregnancy risk grade(OR=3.367)were independent influencing factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes among registered pregnant women.Conclusions The factors related to high-risk pregnancy are the main risk factors affecting the adverse pregnancy outcome of registered pregnant women.Health management for high-risk pregnant women should be emphasized and appropriate intervention measures should be taken in time to improve the pregnancy outcome.