利奈唑胺致26例黑毛舌不良反应的分析

Literature analysis of 26 cases of black hairy tongue caused by linezolid

目的分析利奈唑胺致黑毛舌不良反应(ADR)的发生情况及临床特点,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法检索中国知网(CNKI)、中文科技期刊数据库(维普)、万方数据库、Cochrane图书馆、PubMed、Web of Science、Springer link、EmBase、Scopus等数据库中收载的利奈唑胺致黑毛舌不良反应文献进行统计分析,检索时间为2000年1月至2022年5月。结果检索到20篇共26例关于利奈唑胺致黑毛舌不良反应的病例报道,以男性为主(18例,69.23%);20岁以下患者11例(42.31%),52岁以上患者10例(38.46%);黑毛舌出现的时间主要集中在开始用药后的10~14 d左右;大部分患者在停药并给予适当的口腔护理后7~30 d舌部完全恢复正常。结论儿童青少年和中老年患者使用利奈唑胺应尤为注意,避免长期用药,用药过程中注意口腔护理,以减少黑毛舌不良反应的发生。

Objective To analyze the occurrence and clinical characteristics of black hairy tongue caused by linezolid and provide a reference for rational drug use.Methods The clinical data of black hairy tongue caused by linezolid from January 2000 to May 2022 was retrieved from the databases of China National Knowledge Internet(CNKI),Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database(VIP),Wanfang,Cochrane Library,PubMed,Web of science,Springer link,EmBase,Scopus and analyzed statistically.Results A total of 20 articles(26 cases) of black hairy tongue caused by linezolid were enrolled.Most were male(18 cases,69.23%).There were 11 patients(42.31%) under 20 years old and 10 patients(38.46%) over 52 years old.The black hairy tongue mainly developed in about 10-14 days after the start of medication.For most patients,the tongue completely returned to normal 7-30 days after discontinuation of medication and appropriate oral care.Conclusion It should be paid more attention to the use of linezolid in children and adolescent as well as middle aged and elderly people.For them,long-term medication should be avoided,and the oral care during the process needs to be strengthened to reduce the occurrence of the black hair tongue.